【作者】 温传新；

【导师】 黄学良；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 电机与电器， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 玻璃是一种重要的建筑和装饰材料,被广泛应用于楼房搭建、汽车生产、家具制造等各个领域,而玻璃切割是形成玻璃成品的一个重要工序。目前,国产的切割系统在精度、速度、可靠性方面与国外同类产品相比都还有一定的差距,因此国内玻璃切割厂家的切割设备大多依赖于进口。同时,随着以计算机技术为代表的信息技术的发展,计算机集成制造(CIM)被逐渐应用于制造行业,企业的生产模式从生产过程的单一自动化到产品设计、加工制造、经营管理等全过程的综合自动化。参考国外切割系统的一些先进技术并遵循CIM中信息自动化的基本思想,本文针对开发一套基于PC管理和CNC控制的自动玻璃切割系统展开论述。论文首先简述了数控技术的发展趋势和CIM的思想,在此基础上分析了系统的上位机管理软件的功能以及下位机硬件配置,并形成系统总体框架。接着就软件实现的几个主要部分——系统数据库管理、任意形状产品图形信息的导入、产品排样优化以及上位机与下位机通信接口的实现分别作了详细的论述。而对下位机部分则主要介绍其电控系统设备的组成、强弱电控制系统的设计、控制过程中数据的相互传递等,并就系统运行时PC机、CNC及PLC三者如何相互配合实现回原点动作、手动操作、自动切割等关键过程作了完整的解释。同时,本文就玻璃切割系统的核心技术——型材的优化问题作了专门的研究,分别提出了一种基于直观启发式思维的实用算法和基于降维数学模型的近似算法,并对几种典型的现代优化算法在本优化问题中的应用前景作了简要介绍。最后,本文简要介绍了系统调试过程,以及投入运行的主要操作界面及操作流程,并提出了一些针对系统改进和扩展的建议和方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Glass is a kind of important architectural and ornamental material that is used widely in many fields such as building construction, automobile production, furniture manufacture and so on. And glass cutting is one of the important work procedures in the glass machining process. At present, compared with the same type of foreign products, home-made glass cutting equipments still have disparities in location precision, cutting speed, running dependability and so on. So, home glassworks generally use imported glass cutting equipments. And in recent years, with the development of information technology represented by computer technology, Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) is applied to manufacturing industry gradually. Production mode of an enterprise is changing from single automation of producing process to integrated automation of all the process including product design, product manufacturing, quality assurance and so on. Referring to some advanced technology of foreign countries and following the basic idea of CIM, analyzing how to develop a complete glass cutting system based on PC management and CNC control is the main object of the dissertation.After briefly introducing the development of numerical control technique and the conception of CIM, the dissertation analyzes the functions of super-computer software and the hardware configuration of sub-computer and then forms rough system construction. Then some main parts of the software development such as database management, extraction of drawing information, materials optimization and the communication between super-computer and sub-computer are expatiated on. To the sub-computer module, the dissertation mainly presents design of electrical control system and data exchange in the control process, and then completely explains how the cooperation of PC, CNC and PLC realizes several critical operations such as going mechanical origin, jog moving and auto-running.In addition, the most crucial technique in glass cutting system, that is two-dimension cutting stock algorithm, is discussed in the dissertation. There are two algorithms presented. One is based on the intuitionistic heuristic thinking, and the other is based on a simplified mathematical model that reduces the problem from two-dimension to one-dimension. At the same time, the prospect of applying modern optimization algorithms such as simulated annealing and genetic algorithms to the problem is introduced briefly.Last,the process of system testing is summarized, and the main operation interfaces and operation steps of the system are introduced. Some proposal of improving system is brought forward in the end of the dissertation.更多还原