【作者】 刘大刚；

【导师】 王明年；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代隧道尤其是长大隧道的发展，对快速、大跨、安全施工的技术要求越来越高，传统的围岩变形量测方法难以满足要求，研究采用非接触量测的方法具有重要的理论和实际意义。 本文研究数码摄影测量技术，并将其应用于隧道围岩变形观测中，给非接触量测方法开辟了一条新的途径。数码摄影测量采用数值相机对隧道有关断面进行摄影，获取的图像数据输入计算机，由计算机进行所有的处理和分析，得出隧道围岩变形的位移信息，以便为隧道设计和施工提供及时、必要的信息反馈。 本文提出了前后交替摄像法和标定摄像法两种围岩变形测量的理论和方法，并分别对其摄影方式和使用条件进行了说明。应用时，可根据现场的具体情况来选取合适的测量方法。两种方法的测定原理都是基于物点、摄影中心、像点空间共线的条件方程。对某一隧道断面的同一个点，用两台数值相机进行覆盖摄影，根据已知控制点的坐标，能够求出该点的三维坐标，通过前后两次测量结果比较，就可以获取围岩的变形信息。为了检验方法的可行性，进行了现场试验，取得了较好的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of modern tunnel,especially the long tunnels, the technical requirements of rapid long-span and safe construction are becoming higher and higher. The traditional wall-rock deformation measurement methods have been already unsuitable. So, studying and applying new method of non-contact measurement is very important to both theory and practice.In this paper, the focus is placed on digital photogrammetry technology which is applied to tunnel country rock deformation observation and layed a new approach to non-contact measurement. Digital photogrammetry technology obtains pictures of cross-sections by a digital camera,then the images are put into the computer and all the works of data calculating and analyzing are completed . Finally.the displacement information of the tunnel wall-rock deformation is achieved to provide necessary information feedback to the tunnel design and construction in time.This paper presents two kinds of wall-rock deformation measurement theories and methods-the front-and-back alternating imagery method and the standardization imagery, as well as their styles of photograph and working conditions respecttively. In the engineering practice, one of them can be chosen to suit the specific field case. The measurement principles of the two methods are both based on object point central point of lens and special co-linear equation of image point. Overlay photograph of the same target point which is located in a tunnel crossrsection is done by two digital cameras at the same time, and then the 3D coordinates of the target point can be computed out according to the given coordinates of the control points.In all, the deformation information can be gotten through the comparison of two measured results.In order to test the feasibility of such methods, field experiments has been done and good effectiveness has been obtained.更多还原