供应商参与创新与制造商创新绩效相关关系实证研究

【作者】 蒋键；

【导师】 许庆瑞；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 企业管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 供应商参与创新的实践，最初在日本兴起并取得巨大成功，丰田公司最初采用供应商参与创新模式，后来引起西方国家的关注及重视，美国企业在20世纪80年代末期和90年代初期，如克莱斯勒(Chrysler)引入这种方式，取得了很好的新产品开发成效，缩短产品开发周期和降低开发、制造成本。20世纪90年代以来，随着经济全球化和知识经济的到来、全球制造的出现，企业的内外部环境发生了深刻的变化，市场竞争日益激烈，全球经济及用户需求的不确定性及个性化增加，高技术迅猛发展，产品生命周期缩短，产品复杂程度不断提高。面对这种复杂多变的环境，供应链管理开始兴起，其思想强调的不再只是单个企业之间的竞争，而是整个供应链之间的竞争，且“竞合”模式成为一种新的企业关系。因此，企业不仅仅只是重视企业内部的资源集成和能力创新，而且要关注企业之间的合作。供应链上的制造商与供应商以相互信赖为基础采取的合作创新模式便成为制造企业的一种新的设计与产品战略模式，供应商参与到制造商创新作为一种新的合作创新方式具有重要意义。然而，随着我国制造企业的迅速成长和参与到全球竞争中，供应商参与创新实践越来越多，供应商参与创新实践在我国也正面临着一些突出问题。 因此，本研究以问题为导向，从跨学科角度融合创新理论、供应链管理理论、核心能力理论和交易成本理论等不同学科理论与方法，紧紧围绕我国供应商参与创新实践中所面临的供应商参与项目成功率低和供应商与制造商之间缺乏合作创新突出问题，从以下两个方面对供应商参与创新与制造商创新绩效进行了理论和实证研究：(1)供应商参与创新的关键成功因素；(2)供应商特质、制造商与供应商相互关系结构、供应商参与技巧(technique)的相互作用机理及其对制造商创新绩效的影响。全文的研究共分三大部分：研究背景和理论导出、实证研究、结论与展望。 在研究背景和理论导出部分，本文首先阐述了供应商参与创新的必要性、我国制造企业供应商参与创新面临的突出问题及其原因。然后，通过对国内外许多专家学者关于供应商参与创新的总结和评述，在吸收前人成果精华的同时，针对其中的不足之处，结合我国供应商参与创新的现实状况，形成了本文的主导研究思想，构建了相应的研究模型和提出理论假设。 在实证研究部分，本文以我国制造企业为研究对象，有效分析样本企业145份，把供应商的特质、制造商与供应商的关系结构和供应商参与技巧纳入到一个整体的框架下来讨论它们的相互作用机理及其对制造商创新绩效的影响，使用结构方程模型(SEM)和SPSS两种统计工具来研究供应商参与创新的影响因素及其浙江大学硕士学位论文供应商参与创新与制造商创新绩效相关关系实证研究与制造商创新绩效的相关关系，并识别出影响供应商参与创新的关键成功因素。 在结论与展望部分，系统总结了本文的研究结论和理论贡献，以及对我国供应商参与创新实践的启示，提出相应的政策建议;最后，分析了本文研究的不足和对未来研究的展望。关键词:供应商参与创新、制造商创新绩效、供应商参与技巧、制造商与供 应商关系结构、供应商特质更多还原

【Abstract】 The supplier’s involvement in manufacture’s technology innovation has appeared initially in Japan and made an immense success. It aroused the attention from western countries later, American enterprises introduced this way, for example, in the latter stage of the eighties of the 20th century and the early stage of the 1990s Chrysler obtained very good new products developing performance and shortening products development period and reducing development and manufacturing cost by utilizing of this mode.Since 1990s, with the coming of the globalization and kownledge economy, the environments of enterprises have changed deeply, the market competition is fierce day by day, the uncertainty and increasing customerization of user’s needs, high technology is developed rapidly, products life cycle shorten, product complexity raised constantly. In the face of such complicated and changing environment, supply chain management emphasizes not only the competition between individual enterprises again, but the competition between supply chains and chains. So enterprises not only pay attention to resources inside enterprises to integrate and the ability of innovation, and should pay close attention to the cooperation between enterprises. The cooperative mode between manufacturer and supplier in the value chain based on trusting each other has been regarded as cooperative innovation mode; it has been becoming a kind of new design and products development strategy. The supplier’s involvement in manufacture’s technology innovation is of very importance. However, with the rapid growth of manufacturer of our country and increasingly participating in the global competition, the supplier’s involvement in manufacture’s technology innovation will be more and more common; supplier involvement in innovation practice is facing some conspicuous problems in our country.This research takes question as the direction, and merges innovation theory, supply chain management theory, core competence theory and transaction cost theory and so on, and we pay more attention to the problems which are low cooperative project success rate and lack of cooperation between supplier and manufacturer. And then we carry on the research about the following two aspects: (1) The key factors of supplier’s involvement in technology innovation; (2) Supplier’s nature, theinter-relation structure between manufacture and supplier and the technique of supplier involvement, and their interactive mechanism and their influence on manufacturer’s innovation performance. The full text is divided into three major parts altogether: research background and theory, empirical study, conclusion and prospect.As for the part of research background and theory, this text has explained at first that the necessity of supplier’s involvement in technology innovation, its outstanding problem and possible reason. And then, based on the research of a lot of international and domestic experts and scholars, directing against the weak point among them and the existing problems that supplier involvement in innovation practice facing in our country, we constructure the corresponding research model and proposition.As for the empirical research part, this text regards manufacturer of our country as the research object, 145 enterprises were investigated effectively; supplier’s nature, relation structure between manufacturer and supplier and the technique of supplier involvement are put into a whole frame and analys interaction mechanism of them and their impact on manufacturer’s innovation performance. We adopt the Structure Equation Model (SEM) and SPSS statistic software to study influencing factors of supplier’s involvement in techonology innovation and the relation to manufacturer’s innovation performance, and then identify the successful factors of supplier’s involvement in technology innovation.In the conclusion, we draw the research conclusion of this text and analyse theory contribution systematically and the enlightenment of supplier’s involvement in innovation practice in our country, and then put更多还原