【作者】 王彩莲；

【导师】 刘孟洲；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究分别对外引品种约克夏猪（28头）、长白猪（26头），培育品种华特猪配套系A系（26头）、B系(24头)、C系（22头）以及地方品种合作猪（20头）的10个血液蛋白（酶）位点遗传多样性进行了研究，以期探讨甘肃部分猪种的遗传变异。采用非变性聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳法检测了以上6个猪品种（系）的血浆转铁蛋白(Tf)、前白蛋白(Pa)、后白蛋白(Po)、酯酶(Es)、淀粉酶（Am1、Am2）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、血液结合素（Hp）、血浆铜蓝蛋白（Cp）、血红蛋白(Hb)10个位点的多态性，统计和计算了基因频率、基因型频率、遗传距离，并进行了聚类分析。结果表明，⑴所测6个品种（系）的猪除在血红蛋白位点不表现多态，其余各被检测位点均出现了多态现象。⑵乳酸脱氢酶酶谱表现出较强的种属特异性：华特猪配套系A系、B系、C系的乳酸脱氢酶酶谱出现了亚区带，而长白猪、约克夏、合作猪的乳酸脱氢酶酶谱没有出现亚区带。⑶用9个基因位点（乳酸脱氢酶除外）的Nei氏平均基因杂合度估计的品种（系）内遗传变异在约克夏最大（0.5434），在C系最小（0.4665）。⑷采用Nei氏标准遗传距离和Roger遗传距离进行聚类分析，结果将6个猪品种（系）划分为两大类，即长白猪、约克夏、合作猪为一大类，华特猪配套系A、B、C系为一大类。更多还原

【Abstract】 Speciality:genetics,Breeding and production of animalTutor:Liu Mengzhou Professor Master Candidate:Wang CailianTo investigate the genetic variability within breeds(lines) and genetic differentiation between breeds(lines)of pigs，blood protein polymorphisms in six pig breeds(lines)： two foreign breeds Yorkshire(28) and Landrace(26)，cultivateed lines Huate seriesA（26）、B（24）、C（22）， indigenous breed Hezuo pig(20) were examined .10 blood protein loci：Tf，Pa，Po，Es，Am1，Am2，LDH，Hp，Cp，Hb were detected by means of vertical discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE). Gene frequency，genetype frequency and Nei’s average heterozygosity were calculated.The results were as follows: ⑴Genetic variations were observed inTf，Pa，Po，Es，Am1，Am2，LDH，Hp，Cp. Hb had none variation.⑵There were distinct characters of breeds in the isozyme spectra and polymorphism of LDH of those breeds(lines):Subbands of isozyme of LDH appeared in Huate seriesA、B、C，but Yorkshire、Landrace and Hezuo pig didn’t appear subbands .⑶The degree of genetic variability within breeds(lines) estimated by Nei’s average heterozygosity for these 9 blood protein loci(except LDH) was reatively lower in C sersies (0.4665)than that in other breeds(lines).⑷Genetic distance between breeds(lines) were obtained using Nei’s and Roger’s formula to construct a phylogenetic tree. The tree grouped Yorkshire,Landrace，indigenous breed Hezuo pig in one branch, grouped cultivateed lines Huate series A,B,C in another branch.更多还原