【作者】 张惠峰；

【导师】 张立群； 刘力；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 纳米复合材料的研究是21世纪材料研究的热点，为纳米复合材料找到实际应用具有刻不容缓的重要意义。本论文基于本课题组独创的乳液共混共凝法制备粘土／丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料，在优化制备的基础上进行材料的应用研究。由于粘土片层具有很大面厚比，从而可提高复合材料的气体阻隔性能。本文探讨了粘土／丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料的气密性，并尝试通过对界面作用机理的讨论及界面剂的改变，设计出符合气密性产品使用性能要求的粘土／丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料。 本文中着重讨论了丁吡橡胶和马来酸酐作为界面剂的作用机理，并对两者的作用模式进行了比较，发现二者在应用中各有特色。采用FTIR对马来酸酐和粘土之间的反应进行了表征，发现粘土与马来酸酐发生了反应；采用DSC对丁吡橡胶与粘土之间的结合进行了表征，表明丁吡橡胶可以使填充粘土胶料中产生一定程度的刚性结构。 汽车内胎是粘土／丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料优异气密性应用的一个主要方向。为此本文利用孟山都毛细管流变仪和橡胶加工分析仪(RPA)，考察了粘土／丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料的加工性能，并与填充炭黑胶料进行比较，结果表明该材料的加工性能与炭黑体系差别不大，但挤出物的表面光滑，出口膨胀比小。 同时对粘土／丁苯橡胶纳米复合材料静态和动态力学性能进行了考察，表明该材料的综合性能良好，然而由于粘土的形状因素，会造成材料的生热较高，但研究同时表明，可以通过提高界面作用力来降低材料的生热。 为在工业生产的流水线上进行了挤出实验进行了配方设计，生产出的成品內胎的物机性能满足国标指标；其气密性介于天然并用胶内胎和丁基胶内胎之间。 最后，基于对不同填充体系气密性的考察，借助电镜观察确定了填料在橡胶中的分散形状，建立了填料对气密性贡献的理论计算模型，与实验值进行了比较，该模型与Nielsen模型相比，能更好地解释实验现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research of nanotechnology is a hot point of 21st century, however it is difficult for nanocomposites to be applied into industry. Based on the unique method of nanocompound put forward by our lab in which the clay/SBR nanocomposite was prepared by mixing the SBR latex and clay/water dispersion and then coagulating, and the improving of preparation technology, the application of clay/SBR nanocomposite was concentrated in this thesis. Owing to the laminarization structure of clay the clay/SBR nanocomposite has an excellent property of gas barrier. In order to design a useful material in practice the mechanism of combination between clay and SBR was studied.Two interface agents butadienestyrenevinyl pyridine rubber(PDR) and moleic anhydride(MAH) were introduced. The reaction between clay and MAH was characterized by FTIR, and the combination between clay and PDR was characterized by DSC. It inferred that in interface region some stiffness fraction must have been formed. Two interface agents had different effects on the mechanical behaviors which might bring them both promising application.Since application of clay/SBR nanocomposites in the tire tube is a main trend, the processing properties of clay/SBR nanocomposite were investigated by means of Monsanto Rheometer and RPA. As well as these results were compared with that of SBR filled by Carbon Black. It indicated that their rheology were similar, however, die swell of clay/SBR nanocomposite is lower than that of SBR filled by Carbon Black, moreover, the surface of clay/SBR nanocomposite extruder is more smooth than that of SBR filled by Carbon Black.Both static and dynamic mechanic properties of the material were studied as well. The results showed that the heat build-up of nanocomposite is higher than that of CB-SBR, however, when the interfacial adhesion was enhanced it went down.A recipe used for tire industry was designed, and an experiment on the production line was performed. Processing and mechanical properties of clay/SBR nanocomposite all meet the demands of GB and its permeability was about half of that of the NR tube and twice of that of IIR tube.Based on studying of several types of fillers in rubber, a model was established to predict the permeability according to the structure of composite. Compared with the Nielsen model the model was more near experiment data and more suitable to describe the experiment.更多还原