【作者】 金萍；

【导师】 孙世群；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文收集了国内外危险废物管理和处置现状，比较了我国与欧、美等发达国家在危险废物管理体制和处置技术方面的相同点和不同点。并阐述了我国危险废物的特征、分类以及产生的危害，分析了我国危险废物现行管理制度和处置方式上存在的问题。 本论文通过建立由表征风险度的目标层，评价因素的准则层和评价因子的指标层构成的三层风险评估的框架体系，全面地反映危险废物风险度的表征机理，并根据不同影响因素，考虑了各准则层的相对重要性。 本论文运用层次分析法计算了各准则层和评价因子的综合权重，并通过了一致性检验。再以砷，苯，对硫磷和废酸四种有害物质为例，根据其各项评价指标的风险度，计算得出它们各自的最终风险等级。 本论文选择了有代表性的废酸废碱和含砷废物，运用事件树分析法对其进行了定性分析，描述了上述危险废物进入环境的不同暴露方式和暴露途径对环境造成影响的概率。 文章最后，应用上述分析结果提出了合肥市危险废物管理和处置的最佳途径。 该论文的研究对我国危险废物风险评价工作的开展以及评价模式的应用均有着积极的意义，并为地方危险废物环境管理和处置提供支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper collects the situations of Dangerous discards management and dealing in both foreign and county, compares the differences in management and dealing between the European county and our country, describes the characters classify and harm of the risk waste and analyses the problems of management and dealing in our country.This paper establishes the risk assessment system which contains three hierarchies: the object hierarchy, the principle hierarchy and the goal hierarchy. It shows the mechanism of the risk degree representation, and the importance of different factors and different hierarchies are considered.The integrated values of the fourteen factors have been worked out though the analytical hierarchy process. Then takes As, benzene, parathion and waste acid as the examples to calculated their risk degrees.This paper collects the representative discards as waste As, waste acid, and waste alkali, give them qualitative analysis through the method of event tree and explain the different probabilities of bringing harms by the different way the discards entering the environment.At last the best way of the management and dealing of the dangerous discards in Hefei is given out based on these analysis.The research of this paper makes a good sense for the dangerous discards risk assessment in our country, and is helpful for the management and dealing of the dangerous discards更多还原