【作者】 黄夏坤；

【导师】 郝振纯；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 水利工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 水利建设特别防洪工程建设对防洪产生的负面影响越来越受到人们的关注，本文针对何种方法适用于分析计算浔江防洪堤对沿江洪水的影响、浔江防洪堤对洪水的影响程度有多大等问题，所做的主要研究内容及取得的研究成果如下： 1．对浔江河段的水文特征、暴雨洪水特性、防洪堤现状及其作用进行分析；并对8场代表性洪水的暴雨和洪水特性进行了重点剖析，表明它们代表了浔江、西江的各种洪水类型及所具有的特性；并对河段洪水水面线、防洪堤基本资料、8场洪水淹没情况的大量资料进行归纳、分析、整理；为开展研究提供了大量翔实的参证和必备资料。 2．利用通过调查、收集浔江沿岸防洪堤修建情况和基本资料，统计各防洪堤在不同水位级的保护范围，建立各防洪堤保护区的蓄水容积曲线；弄清了大洪水时防洪堤保护区最大蓄水容积为5.630×10~8m~3～31.94×10~8m~3；占次洪水总量的最大比重为2.34％～9.50％。 3．在就防洪堤对洪水的影响进行定性分析，对众多的分析计算方法进行探讨的基础上，选择马斯京根流量演算法、单断面水量平衡法、水力特性流量演算法、边滩滞洪水库调节法、断面束窄法定量分析计算防洪堤对沿江洪水流量过程的影响程度，并分别应用水位流量关系单一综合线法、校正因数法推算洪水归槽或还原后的水位变化过程。经多方案分析成果的对比，认为单断面水量平衡校正因数法、水力特性流量演算校正因数法、边滩滞洪水库调节校正因数法是定量分析计算浔江防洪堤对沿江洪水流量和水位过程影响的最优方案。 4．运用水文学关于洪水波远动的原理分析防洪堤对洪水传播时间的影响；根据调查的天然水面线及河段内各处平面、纵横断面资料，应用水力学曼宁公式反推河道各河段平均糙率。认为建堤前后的洪水传播时间变化并不存在明显的差异；浔江防洪堤对河道糙率的影响不大。 5．经综合分析并对研究成果做出评价认为：浔江防洪堤对浔江及西江下游洪水过程和洪水特性的影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydraulic installations, especially the flood defense buildings themselves, usually do negative influence to prevent flood, which attracts more and more people’s attentions now. The main purpose of this paper is to seek a best applicable method to analyze the effort of flood defense dams to the floods, compute its influence degree and other problems in the Xunjiang river basin. The main research contents and achievements are listed as fallows:1. By investigating the construction and collecting the basic data on the flood defense dam along Xunjiang river, I make a statistic describing the dam’s protection areas in different water level, and also construct the storage-capacity curve of these areas; and get the information on construction of the flood defense dam. The largest storage capacity in the Flood is 5.630 × 108m3~ 31.94 × 108m3, it’s 2.34% ~ 9.50% accounting for the greatest proportion in total flood runoff.2. Analyze 8 representative floods’ characters and their corresponding rain- storms’ character, which are representative in the Xunjiang and Xijiang river basin.3. Muskingum flood routing process, single section water conservation method, hydrodynamic characteristic runoff mathematical calculations and beach sluggish flood storeroom adjusted factor etc., are the best methods to quantitatively analyze and calculate how the dams effort flood runoff, then apply the height-runoff relationship line and calibrated factor method to reckon the water height change progress when the floods go back to troughs or go through troughs respectively.4. According to the flood wave movement principle in hydrology, it was analyzed that how the dams effort the time of flood movement, and use hydraulics Manning equation to get the coarse rate in every reach according to the surveyed water table line and the plane, vertical, horizontal sections’ data. It’s my opinion that there is no very distinct difference in the flood move time before and after the dam was built. The dams of Xunjiang river do little effort to the coarse rate of beach.5. Though synthetical analysis and evaluate the research achievements, the result obtained shows that the dams just do a small effect to the flood of Xunjiang river and Xijiang downstream river.更多还原