【作者】 孔飘红；

【导师】 刘俊勇；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电力市场改革的深入，无功功率服务的定价问题逐渐成为重要的研究课题之一。本文建立了统一优化补偿型无功电力市场模式，对电力市场下的无功功率服务定价问题进行了研究。 本文首先介绍了电力市场改革的背景、电力市场的结构和贸易模式、电力市场环境下辅助服务的分类以及如何获取辅助服务等内容。 为了研究无功服务的定价问题，本文详细探讨了电力系统无功功率服务的特点、内容以及影响无功服务的诸多因素：详细讨论了电力系统的无功功率电源的种类和性能，给出了不同无功功率电源成本的计算方法；通过介绍国外(包括美国、欧洲、澳大利亚等国)已投入运行的无功市场模式，指出了建立区域性的无功功率服务市场是电力市场改革的必然趋势。 本文首次提出了一个新的无功电力市场运营模式——统一优化补偿型无功电力市场，即采用优化潮流进行统一计算和统一补偿的无功辅助服务市场模式。该模式将无功电力市场分解为无功容量市场和无功电量市场，兼顾系统无功电源的固定成本回收和运行费用回收，同时系统的安全性得到了保证。在无功容量费用的计算中，引入了一个新的概念——无功资源价值因子，用来反映无功的地域特性。因而无功容量费用不仅反映了无功电源的固有安装容量大小，同时还反映了不同安装地点对系统电压水平的支持能力差异，使得无功容量费用的定义更加科学合理。并且由于在无功电量费用的计算模型中，采用了目标函数为系统总无功生产费用最小的无功优化潮流，从而降低了无功电量费用的支出。 最后对IEEE14和IEEE30节点系统进行了仿真计算，仿真结果表明，这种无功电力市场收费模式概念清晰，流程易于操作，具有一定的实用性。关键词:统一优化补偿;无功电力市场;无功价值因子;无功容量市场;无功电量市场更多还原

【Abstract】 With the fast development of electricity markets, how to price reactive power service is getting more and more important. In this paper the pricing scheme of reactive power is studied based on the model of optimal consolidated compensation reactive power market.The paper first introduces the background of the reform of power industry, the restructuring of the power industry, current situations of electricity markets, the variety of ancillary service and its acquirement.In order to solve the problem of reactive power pricing, this paper discusses the characteristics, the content and the impressed factors of reactive power service, in detail. Different reactive power generators and their performances are clarified, new method of evaluating different kinds of generators’ reactive power production cost is proposed in this paper. By introducing the reactive power market models which are put into operation in U.S.A., Europe and Australia, the paper points out that a market solution of reactive power service is the ultimate goal of the reform.This paper presents a new concept for reactive power market model, that is the reactive power market based on optimal consolidated compensation. Such a reactive power market consists of two parts: one based on capacity cost and the other base on production cost, so the investment and operation cost of reactive power generators are both compensated, and at the same time the security of power system is guaranteed. The paper also emphasizes that valuation of reactive power generatorsshould be based on not only on their natural capacity but also on their contributions to system security and reliability, so a new concept of reactive power valuation factor is introduced in computing reactive power capacity cost, as a result, the capacity cost is more scientific and reasonable. During the processing of reactive power production cost computing, the objective of OPF is the var-cost-minimizing, so the total reactive power cost is reduced.The IEEE 14 and IEEE30-node systems are introduced as test systems. The computer simulation results show that the proposed method is clear in conception and simple in application.更多还原