全氟磺酸质子交换膜的研究

【作者】 邢岳；

【导师】 李培金；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 全氟磺酸质子交换膜是一种固体聚合物电解质，具有化学稳定性和热稳定性好、电压降低、电导率高、机械强度高等优点，可在强酸、强碱、强氧化剂介质和高温等苛刻条件下使用，由于其自身所具有的上述特性，全氟磺酸质子交换膜不但被用作质子交换膜燃料电池的关键组件，而且还广泛地应用于氯碱工业、水电解制氢、电化学合成以及气体传感器等领域。 本文通过流延法以及复合膜工艺，制得了满足燃料电池及其他电化学装置使用要求的全氟磺酸质子交换膜，并对其性能进行了研究。具体工作分为以下三个部分： 1．流延法制膜工艺及其性能的研究 本课题借鉴相关的制膜工艺研究经验，采用流延法制备全氟磺酸质子交换膜，通过工艺路线的选择，制得了与进口挤出膜性能相近，且价格相对较低的质子膜，以解决国内燃料电池及氯碱工业研究和生产之急需。 2．质子交换膜的回收及其重铸膜性能研究 利用自制的混合溶剂，对全氟磺酸质子交换膜边角料进行溶解，制得全氟磺酸树脂回收液，并用Nafion溶液对其性能进行改善，使制成的重铸膜与Nafion系列膜性能相当，从而大大降低了全氟磺酸质子交换膜的成本，在此基础上，将所得重铸膜应用于低温低压氢氧燃料电池中，并获得了较为满意的实验结果。 3．复合膜的制备及其性能研究 以杜邦公司生产的Nafion溶液(5％)及全氟磺酸树脂回收液为主要原料，分别对Nafion／PTFE复合膜、回收液／PTFE复合膜的制造工艺北京化工大学硕士研究生学位论文及其性能进行了研究并取得一定的进展，制得了力学性能和电性能与杜邦Nafion膜接近的复合膜。更多还原

【Abstract】 The perfluorinated proton exchange membrane is a commercially available perfluorosulphonate cation exchange membranes commonly used as a perm-selective separator in chlor-alkali electrolysis and as the electrolyte in solid polymer fuel cells. This usage arises because of its high mechanical, thermal and chemical stability coupled with its high conductivity and ionic selectivity.In this paper, the performance of perfluorinated proton exchange membranes made by three methods was studied. The studies on those methods are followed.1. The research on the performance of perfluorinated proton exchange membrane made by flow castingIn this section, the mechanical strength and electrochemical performance of perfluorinated proton exchange membrane made by flow casting were studied. Compared with Nafion membrane, those performances of the flow casting membrane were similar. They are different in the surface conformations.2. The research on the performance of recasted perfluorinated proton exchange membraneThe performance of the recasted perfluorinated proton exchange membrane was investigated by comparison with Nafion. The results indicated that the recasted membrane was similar to Nafion in the mechanical properties and electrochemical performance.3. The research on the performance of composite membraneIn this section, composite membranes were obtained by impregnatingNafion resin into porous PTFE substrate membrane. The mechanical properties and electrochemical performance of composite membrane were similar to those of Nafion. The ion exchange capacity (IEC) and water content of composite membrane were also measured and compared with Nafion membrane.更多还原