【作者】 何振坤；

【导师】 刘杰；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 材料学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 碳纤维快速固着微生物的特性引人注目。本工作的目的在于通过研究生物碳纤维载体的表面物化性质，载体表面固着的生物膜的形成机制，以及生物膜去除氨氮的能力，探讨载体表面性质、结构对生物膜形成、代谢的作用机制及其与水处理效果的关联，论证将活性碳纤维作为一种新型水处理的生物膜载体的可行性。 本工作采用对比的研究方法，借助表面官能团、平衡含水率、比表面积、表面孔径的测定，结合红外光谱、X—射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析，较系统地研究了载体表面物化特性、结构特征对硝化菌固着、增殖及活性的影响。同时对生物膜生物处理动力学进行了初步探讨；研究了不同载体上生物膜对各种工业废水的氨氮去除率及适应性；考察了环境因素对粘胶基活性碳纤维生物膜氨氮去除效果的影响。实验结果表明：活性碳纤维比其它材料更易于固定微生物。碳纤维表面适量的含氧官能团、平衡含水率以及表面吸附性均有益于微生物的固着与繁衍，材料表面官能团对表面生物膜的活性的变化具有明显影响。碳纤维对活性污泥中硝化菌液生长具有催化作用。动力学研究表明，以粘胶基ACF作为微生物固着载体的生物膜用来处理氨氮废水，其动力学方程为U=(33.78S)/(393+S)。在环境条件为T=25℃、PH=8.5、COD≤36mg／L时，活性碳纤维上固着的生物膜的最大比增长速度和氨氮去除率达到最大值。此外，通过比较载体材料上生物膜在废水处理中的氨氮去除效率及载体材料的使用费用，我们认为将活性碳纤维用作载体材料具有可行性，从而为以碳纤维为微生物固着化载体材料的发展提供了新思路和科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The characteristic of immobilizing microorganism of carbon fiber comes to front. This thesis aims at discussing the effects of surface characteristic and structure of carrier on the formation and metabolism of biofilm , the relationship with the effect of water treatment and the feasibility of using ACF as new-style biofilm carrier through the study on chemical physical properties of biological carbon fiber ,the formation mechanism of biofilm and the capability of wiping off ammonia.In this thesis, by means of contrast, surface functional groups , wettability , specific surface area and surface aperture were measured, by using IR and XPS, effects of surface property of carrier on immobilization , multiplication and activity of nitrobacteria was systematically studied . At the same time, the biodynamics of biofilm was discussed, the capability of wiping off ammonia and the adaptability of diversified industrial waste water of biofilm immobilized on different carrier were explored, the effect of environmental factors on the capability of wiping off ammonia of biofilm immobilized on ACF was studied. Results show that: the capability of fixing microorganism on ACF is better than other materials. The surface acid functional groups , degree of moisture and adsorbability of carbon fiber is prone to multiplication of microorganism and fixing microorganism on the surface of carrier. The surface functional groups of material have an obvious effect up on the activity of biofilm. For the microorganism in the sludge,carbon fiber is like catalyzer. Research of dynamics shows, dynamics33 78S equation is U= - : - , which used mucilage glue-based ACF as carrier todeal with ammonia waste water. When T=25 C, PH=8.5, 36mg/L ,the u max and the wiping off efficiency of ammonia reach the maximum. Additionally, we consider that ACF can be used as biofilm carrier effectively, through comparing the expense and efficiency of different biofilm carrier. This thesis provides scientific ground and new thought for the development of the carrier.更多还原