【作者】 王红丽；

【导师】 王奎升；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 注水系统是油田日常生产中的重要组成部分,它保证了原油的高产稳产。近年来,随着油田进入高含水开发期,注水量日益增多,注水能耗也越来越大,成为油田的能耗大户。因此,注水系统节能措施的研究是势在必行。本文在广泛地分析了国内外众多注水系统节能措施后,选择了调压法进行研究。调压法调压设备简单,一次性投资小,调节方便,是一种有效的节能方法。本文主要对以下五部分进行了研究并得到了相应的结论:⑴ 注水系统使用调压调速节能的可行性。利用电机、离心泵的基本原理、公式对调压后设备运行参数的变化进行理论推导,计算出调压范围为10%左右可以得到明显的节能效果,但调压范围不能太大,否则,电机电流升高至超出额定电流,导致电机过热,会影响电机的使用寿命。⑵ 通过室内对电机调端电压进行大量实验可知,在一定的调压范围内,使用调压比使用节流的节能效果更明显。实验验证了关于节能潜力的理论分析。由实验结果得出,调压节能是可行的。⑶ 通过分析计算,首次绘制出辛二注水站注水管网的管路特性曲线,对于确定离心泵的工况有重要作用。⑷ 对注水系统效率及调压调速节能进行编程计算。通过编制的计算程序计算出辛八注水站的电机(Pe=2200kW,Ue=6kv)端电压从6000v<WP=4>下降到5400v (10%)时,电机节能效果明显:电机电压为5900v时,节省功率40.62kW;电机电压为5400v时,节省功率290.04kW。但注水系统效率几乎没有改变,总保持在64.57%～63.37%之间。⑸ 对注水管网的分布进行优化,重新分布各分配水间和总注水站的位置,减小流体在管线中的流动损失,提高注水管网效率。采用Powell法,以辛八注水站为例计算,优化后注水管网管线中流体的总沿程阻力损失比优化前下降约6.3%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water-injection system is an important part in production of oil fields. It made crude oil produced with high efficiency steadily. Recent years, a mass of water need be injected into the wells because of high level containing water oil fields, so energy consuming increased more and more. Water-injection system became one of the largest energy consuming parts in oil fields. Therefore, the measures of saving energy must be taken. This thesis is a part of contract, which was signed by Beijing University of Chemical Technology and DongXin Production Plant of ShengLi Petroleum Administration, and named Study of Saving Energy Measures in Water-injection System. Based on analyzing many energy saving measures in water-injection system at home and abroad, a method — adjusting input voltage of electromotor was chosen as study in the thesis. It has some advantages, for example it is simple for adjusting equipment, didn’t need a large of money when equipment was installed at first time, and adjusting method is convenient. Five aspects were studied and relative conclusions were gotten in the thesis: The feasibility of adjusting input voltage to saving energy and the influences to electromotor and centrifugal pump’s properties because of adjusting voltage were analyzed in detail, some calculating formulae are deduced. Some conclusions were given: first, it has obvious effect of saving energy when the voltage was adjusted about 10%, and second, the range of adjusting voltage can be not too broad, because it will lead the current of electromotor increased rapidly to be over rating, and will make the temperature of electromotor enhanced, and these effects <WP=6>will influence the life of electromotor. A large of experiments of adjusting input voltage in door has validated the effects of saving energy. And the value in theory was accordant with the value in experiments. (3) Based on analyzing and calculating, Xin-2 Water-injection Station’s the characteristic curve of pipeline was drawn. It was important to determine the running conditions of centrifugal pump. The efficiency of water-injection system and the value of saving energy were calculated with Visual-Basic Language in computer. Through calculation of xin-8 water-injection station, when voltage was declined from 6000v to 5400v (10 percent), the electrometer’s effect of save energy is obvious. When voltage was declined to 5900v, its save energy is about 40.62kW, and when voltage is 5400v, its save energy is about 290.04kW. At the same time , the efficiency of water-injection system change seldom, and it is only 64.57%～63.37%.The distribution of water-injection net was optimized, the position of every distributing water room and main water-injection station were also redistributed to reduce the energy losing because of water’s flowing in pipeline, and to enhance the efficiency of pipeline net. For example, using feasible Arithmetic Of Powell, the energy losing declined 6.3% in pipeline net of Xin-8 Water-injection Station after optimizing.更多还原