【作者】 姚伟伟；

【导师】 李小刚； 薛继仁；

【作者基本信息】 大连铁道学院 ， 材料加工工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 焊后长钢轨是无缝线路的基本组成部分。长钢轨群吊在焊接长钢轨生产线中担负着吊运长轨的任务，在长钢轨生产中占有重要的地位。而我国现有长钢轨群吊采用的各个单吊单控的控制方法需劳动力多，事故发生率高，再加上继电器控制系统的不可靠性，使群吊成为焊轨生产线连续稳定运行的“瓶颈”，导致长钢轨生产效率降低。随着无缝线路铺设区域的加大，对原有长钢轨群吊控制系统进行改造势在必行。 本文对国内焊轨厂设备及现有长钢轨群吊进行了介绍，提出了长钢轨群吊控制系统的设计要求，选用西门子S7-300系列PLC作为控制系统的控制器，同时还选取了适宜本控制系统的监视器件。 在此基础上，控制系统以PLC为核心，设计了PLC硬件电路、PLC输入输出接口电路、监视系统硬件连接电路、电动葫芦控制电路、长轨到位指示与长轨位置调整电路，给出了控制系统主控制面板、辅助控制面板与监视器控制面板。PLC硬件调试表明，CPU、I／O等模块工作正常，PLC硬件设计正确。 控制系统软件以西门子STEP7软件包为设计平台，编制了控制系统主程序、单吊控制子程序、多吊集控子程序、复位子程序、限位开关损坏报警与电机检修报警子程序。使用西门子PLC simulation软件包进行软件测试，测试正常后，进行PLC软硬件联合调试，调试结果表明，软件设计满足控制系统设计要求，PLC软件设计正确。 在控制系统软硬件设计正确的基础上，用两吊对整个群吊系统的运行进行模拟调试。对两吊控制系统的PLC硬件接入输入元器件与部分输出器件。模拟控制系统软硬件联合调试结果表明，本控制系统能够满足现场的使用要求，可以应用于工业现场。更多还原

【Abstract】 Welded long rail is the base of continuous railroad. Long rail cranes in the most important flight is used to swing long rail in the product line, which control method is each worker control each single crane. This method needs more workers and also have hign accidental frequency, undependable ability. These make it bottleneck of the line and result in low productivity. With the more needs of continuous railroad, the development of congregative control of long rail crane is more imperative under the situation.In this paper, the equipment of welded railway factory , the long rail cranes are introduced. The designing requirements is given. The control system selects PLC controller and some monitor equipment.Base on the core of the control system-PLC, the PLC hardware circuit, PLC I/O connecting circuit, monitor system hardware circuit, motor control system hardware circuit, signal indication of long rail reaching circuit, long rail position adjusting of long rail are designed. According to the hardware circuits, the main, assistant and monitor control panels are given. The debugging of PLC hardware shows that CPU, I/O modules, Ml 53 work well and the designing of PLC hardware is correct.The software is programmed on the flat of STEP7 software package. The main program, single crane controlling subprogram, congregative cranes controlling subprogram, resetting subprogram, motor overhauling subprogram are compilered. The results of the debugging with PLC simulation software package show that the software of this system can satisfy the requirements of the designing.Based on the designing of hardware and software of this system, the simulating system which only includes two cranes’ running is debugged. The inputting parts and some outputting parts are connected to PLC. The results show that this control system can satisfy requirements of the spot and be applied to the spot.更多还原