【作者】 尤金亮；

【导师】 马长生；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 刑法学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 刑罚效益是指刑罚的有效产出减去实际投入后的有利结果 其实质就是要求以最小的刑罚成本换取最大的刑罚收效 刑罚的效益与刑罚的效果 刑罚的功能 刑罚的宽容性 刑罚的功利性不同刑罚效益的基本要求是刑罚的有效性 有益性和节俭性 刑罚的有效性是指刑罚预防犯罪和通过惩罚犯罪伸张正义的实际效果 刑罚的有益性是指刑罚的收效大于刑罚成本 刑罚的节俭性是指在刑罚有益的情况下 最大限度地降低成本 刑罚的成本包括刑罚对犯罪人及其家庭成员权益的剥夺 因刑罚的制定 实施 执行所投入的人力 物力 财力以及刑罚对其他无辜者权利的侵害 刑罚的收效包括预防犯罪和通过惩罚犯罪实现正义 影响刑罚效益的要素很多 包括刑罚的严厉性和严密性 刑罚的及时性 刑罚的确定性 刑罚的公正性 刑罚的科学性 刑罚的种类 刑罚的适用对象 刑罚制度等 刑罚的严密性和严厉性直接决定刑罚成本的多少和刑罚收效的大小 因而 确定适当的严密性和严厉性 是保障刑罚效益的关键 刑罚的收效包括预防犯罪和伸张正义 因而 正义的实现程度越大 刑罚的效益也就越大 实体正义和程序正义是实现刑罚效益的有效途径 我国的相关刑罚制度的不足影响了刑罚的效益 因而应进行完善更多还原

【Abstract】 The beneficial results of penalty refers to the favorable results ofsubtracting the practical input of penalty from the available output ofpenalty, whose essence is to get in return the most effect of penalty withthe least costs of penalty. The beneficial results of penalty are differentfrom the effects of penalty, the functions of penalty, the catholicity ofpenalty and the utility of penalty. The fundamental requirements of thebeneficial results of penalty are the effectiveness of penalty, theavailability of penalty and the frugality of penalty, in which theeffectiveness refers to the practical pure effects of penalty of preventingcrime and promoting justice by punishing criminals, the availabilityrefers to the fact that the pure effects of penalty are more than the costsof penalty, while the frugality refers to cutting down the costs of penaltyin maximum under the premise of the availability of penalty. The costs of penalty include the deprivation of the rights andinterests of the criminals and their families, the consumption of laborpower, material resources and financial resources, and the infraction ofthe rights of other innocent persons. The yield results include theprevention of crimes and the promotion of justice by punishingcriminals. There are many factors that have influence on the beneficial resultsof penalty such as the severity and rigor of penalty, the rapidity ofpenalty, the confirmation of penalty, the equity of penalty, thetechnological level of penalty, the kinds of penalty, the applied objects ofpenalty and the system of penalty. The severity and rigor of penalty decides the amounts of the costsand the yield results of penalty immediately, so to delimit appropriateseverity and rigor of penalty is the key to ensure the beneficial results ofpenalty. The yield results include the prevention of crimes and the<WP=5>promotion of justice, therefore, the greater degree the justice is achieved,the more beneficial results the penalty has. Substantial justice andprocedural justice are available approaches to improve the beneficialresults of penalty. Some relative systems of penalty of China shouldbeperfected because they have reduced the beneficial results of penalty.更多还原