【作者】 李彬；

【导师】 林从谋； 毕卫国；

【作者基本信息】 山东科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 爆破危害预测与控制一直是工程爆破界所研究的一项重要课题。其中尤以爆破地震危害最受人们关注。本文以泰安抽水蓄能电站工程的隧道掘进开挖爆破的振动安全监测项目为依托，在理论分析的基础上，结合大量的现场实测数据，对隧道开挖爆破地震波传播、波谱特性及其危害预测方法进行了分析研究。 首先，理论上分析了影响爆破地震波传播、衰减的各种因素；然后，通过对实测数据进行回归分析，确定出了该地段经验公式预测方法中的K、α值，得出了该地段隧道开挖爆破地震波传播规律；其次，运用了小波分析工具对实测数据进行处理分析，并与傅立叶变换的结果做了比较，得出了该地段隧道开挖爆破地震波的波谱特性；最后，建立了隧道开挖爆破地震危害预测的BP神经网络预测模型，对爆破地震波质点震动速度进行了预测，指导了隧道开挖爆破施工的进行。通过与回归预测的结果和实测数据作比较，证实了BP神经网络预测方法在隧道爆破地震效应预测方面应用的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The prediction and control of blasting hazard is always an important subject in engineering blasting field, especially the hazard of blasting seismic is paid more attention. In this paper, according to the safety monitoring of tunnel excavation blasting, in the project of Tai’an pumped storage power station, on the basis of theoretical analysis, and associated with vast field measured data, the travel rules of tunnel excavation blasting seismic, spectrum characteristics and hazard prediction methods are analysed.Firstly, various factors that affect the transmission and attenuation of blasting seismic are analysed in theory. Then according to the regression analysis on the field data, the parameter value K, a in the empirical equation which is fit for the area are defined. The rule of seismic transmission in excavation blasting is thus got. Secondly, with the help of Wavelet analysis the measured data are studied and compared with the results of Fourier analysis, spectrum characteristic of the blasting seismic in this sector is then attained. Finally, a BP neutral network model which is fit for the prediction of tunnel blasting seismic is established, according to the prediction of particle velocity of blasting seismic, the tunnel excavation blasting is supervised to go smoothly. On the basis of the comparison with the regression results of measured data, the prediction with BP neutral network is proved to be a feasible method in the effect control of tunnel excavation blasting.更多还原