【作者】 雷宏；

【导师】 朱红军；

【作者基本信息】 南京工业大学 ， 应用化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 三氟甲基引入各种化合物上，会导致其生物活性、脂溶性、稳定性等大幅度增强。近年来，人们越来越多地发现某些含有三氟甲基基团的有机化合物有许多独特的作用与优良的性能，合成三氟甲基产品成为人们研究的热点之一。目前，国际上生产三氟甲基类化合物的技术基本由日本和美国的公司垄断，国内一些大专院校和科研机构对该中间体的合成也有过研究，但基本没有工业化生产，因此对其生产方法的研究具有重要的作用。本文主要就是探索由三氯甲基化合物氟化制备三氟甲基类化合物的方法，为工业化打下基础。 三氯甲苯与无水氟化氢在氧化汞催化下于—20℃常压氟化生成三氟甲基苯，产品收率在95％以上，纯度达到98％。2-氯-5-三氯甲基吡啶与无水氟化氢在氧化汞催化下于-20℃常压氟化生成2-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶，产品收率在90％以上，纯度达到98％；2，3-二氯-5-三氯甲基吡啶与无水氟化氢在氧化汞催化下于-20℃常压氟化生成2，3-二氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶，产品收率在90％以上，纯度达到98％。所合成的产品——2-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶和2，3-二氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶，经元素分析、IR和¹H-NMR分析证明与预期结构相符。对不同的催化剂进行了研究，同时对催化剂的回收和重复使用进行了研究，回收后的氧化汞催化活性较好，在-10℃下反应22h，三氟甲基苯的含量达到84％。此外还对过量氟化氢的回收进行了研究，表明氟化氢比较容易回收。对其它催化剂（如HgF₂，AgO，AgF₂，等）也进行了研究。 2-氯-5-三氟甲基吡啶以二甲亚砜为溶剂在碳酸钾作用下，和苯酚于125℃生成2-苯氧基-5-三氟甲基吡啶。所得产品——2-苯氧基-5-三氟甲基吡啶经元素分析IR分析证明与预期结构相符。经对各个反应过程的对比试验，选择了最佳的实验条件，为进一步合成稳杀得和盖草能等打下了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Many trifluoromethylated compounds have shown remarkable biological activity, and they have been widely used in a variety of fields ranging from medicinal to agricultural applications. At present the technology to preparing trifluoromethylated compounds is monopolized by Japanese company and American company in the main. Some internal universities have studied synthesis of the intermediate, but only a few approaches to the synthesis of trifluoromethylated compounds have been developed. Therefore, more convenient and effective synthetic methods to prepare trifluoromethylated compounds are increasingly required. The article relates to a method of trifluoromethyl compounds by fluorination of trichloromethyl compounds.Trichloromethylbenzene is reacted with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride by using mercuric oxide as catalyst to form the trifluoromethylbenzene at -20 . Its yield is more than 95% and its purity is 98%. 2-Chloro-5-trichloromethylpyridine is reacted with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride by using mercuric oxide as catalyst to form 2-chloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine at 20 . Method for preparation of 2, 3-dichloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridine is also studied. Their yields are more than 90% and purities are above 98%. The structures of these productions have been confirmed by elemental analyst, IR, !H-NMR which showed that the structures of these compounds are the same as desired. Trichloromethylbenzene is reacted with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride by using recycling mercuric oxide as catalyst to form the product which contain 84% trifluoromethylbenzene at -20 癈 for 22 hours. Additionally, recycling of hydrogen fluoride is studied, which indicate that hydrogen fluoride can be recycled. Many other catalysts such as Hgp2, AgO, AgFi, et al of the fluorination have been studied also.2-Phenoxy-5-trifluoromethylpyridine is obtained from the reaction of 2-chloro-5-trifluoromethylpyridme and phenol in the presence of potassium carbonate in the dimethyl sulphoxide at 125. The structures of the production has beenconfirmed by elemental analyst, IR. The effects of the reaction conditions on the yield are investigated and reacting conditions optimized.更多还原