【作者】 张昊飞；

【导师】 白洁；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了胶州湾2003年4月—2004年4月无机营养盐对异养浮游细菌数量分布的影响，同时采用实验室模拟现场培养的方法研究了无机营养盐对异养浮游细菌生长的影响。 结果显示：胶州湾2003—2004年度，异养浮游细菌数量的分布规律和磷酸盐、铵盐浓度分布规律相似，并且在湾东北部都呈现出高值，而在湾口和湾中央呈现出低值。在春夏秋冬四个季节中，磷酸盐和铵盐与异养浮游细菌数量之间都有较显著的相关性，对异养浮游细菌的分布起十分重要的作用。除夏季外，其它季节硝酸盐和异养浮游细菌数量之间的相关性均不显著，对异养浮游细菌的分布影响较小。根据无机N与无机P的比值结果，磷酸盐对异养浮游细菌分布的影响相对较大。在所有环境因子中，温度和浮游植物是影响无机营养盐对异养浮游细菌作用的最重要的因素。胶州湾外源N、P的输入是异养浮游细菌分布受无机营养盐影响较大的另外一个主要原因。 通过夏季和冬季的实验室模拟实验，结果显示：在所有添加的无机营养盐中，无机磷酸盐浓度的增大，明显促进了异养浮游细菌的生长，其次是无机铵盐，无机硝酸盐浓度的增大不仅不起促进作用，反而能起一定的限制作用。整体上，异养浮游细菌生长受无机磷酸盐的影响较大，受无机硝酸盐的影响最小。胶州湾海域异养浮游细菌对磷酸盐吸收作用要大于其释放作用，对硝酸盐吸收作用要小于其释放作用，异养浮游细菌对铵盐吸收和释放同时进行。浮游植物和原生动物的存在有助于异养浮游细菌吸收利用无机营养盐进行自身生长，提高了整个生态系统的效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The method of area investigated is applied to study the influences of inorganic nutrients on the distribution of heterotrophic bacterioplankton during one year in Jiaozhou Bay. And it is used by the method of the lab experiments to simulate the field situation in order to study the influences of inorganic nutrients on the growth of heterotrophic bacterioplankton. The main results are listed as follows:Through area investigated for one year, the results show that the distribution of the abundance of heterotrophic bacterioplankton are similar to the distribution of the concentration of phosphate and ammonium in Jiaozhou Bay from 2003 to 2004, and all of them have high value in the east-north part of Jiaozhou Bay, while have low value in the middle and the inlet of Jiaozhou Bay. In four seasons of the spring, summer, fall, and winter, the concentration of both phosphate and ammonium has remarkable correlations to the bacterial abundance(BA), and they play important roles on the distribution of the BA. Except the summer, the concentration of nitrogen has unapparent correlation to the BA, and does not play an important role on the distribution of the BA. According to the distribution of the ratios between inorganic nitrate and inorganic phosphorus in four seasons, phosphate plays the most important role on the distribution of the BA. In all the environmental factors, temperature is one of the most important factors that affect the role of the inorganic nutrient on the distribution of the BA, and so does the phytoplankton. Another important factor is the quantity and the quality of the input of nitrate and phosphorus in Jiaozhou Bay.Through experiments of the addition of inorganic nutrients in the lab to simulate the field situation, results show that phosphate can greatly promote the growth of heterotrophic bacterioplankton; then is ammonium, while nitrate not only can notpromote the growth, but also limit it. On the whole, the growth of heterotrophic bacterioplankton is more affected by inorganic phosphate, and seldom affected by inorganic nitrogen. In Jiaozhou Bay, the absorption of heterotrophic bacterioplankton to phosphate is more than the releasing, and the absorption of heterotrophic bacterioplankton to nitrogen is less than the releasing, while the absorption of heterotrophic bacterioplankton to ammonium is the same as the releasing. The existences of photoplankton and protist are helpful for heterotrophic bacterioplankton to absorb and make use of inorganic nutrients to grow, and enhance the efficiency of the whole ecosystem.更多还原