【作者】 刘艳；

【导师】 邓红风；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 翻译单位是翻译理论研究中的一个重要但又众说纷纭的问题。尽管中外的翻译理论家历经多年研究，从多个不同角度对这一问题进行了阐述分析，却未得到满意解决，对它的研究仍颇有争议。笔者认为，造成这种状况的原因，很大程度上是由于各家混淆了翻译单位的两种涵义，即其内涵意义和外延意义。事实上翻译单位本身所包含的这两种涵义既有联系又有区别。而大多数翻译理论家都没有意识到这两种意义的存在，更未对其加以区分对待，而是在对这一问题的讨论中将其混为一谈。他们往往只是侧重论述翻译单位的一个方面，尤其倾向探讨这一概念的外延意义，而对其内涵意义未作任何解释说明，这必然造成了各自按其自己的理解，而不是统一的理解对这一问题做出解释。所以这一状况在很大程度上是未将内涵和外延意义加以明确区分而互相争论的结果。 本文区分了翻译单位这一概念的两种涵义，并尝试对这两种涵义作了初步的分析解释。笔者在对各家定义进行总结分析后，首先尝试对翻译单位的内涵意义加以定义。实际上翻译单位的内涵意义是对这一概念属性的规定，即翻译单位是语言单位或是非语言单位，如思想单位。本文从不同的角度分析说明，翻译单位本质上应该为语言单位。在确定其内涵意义为语言单位后，第二个问题就是对翻译单位外延意义的分析，即应该采用何种语言单位才能更好的服务于翻译实践和教学。笔者采用翻译测试的方法来确定其外延意义，选取了五种具有代表性文体的文章片断，将其分解成独立句子随机分发给受试者。受试者需要在没有语境知识的条件下在规定时间内进行独立翻译。一周后笔者将翻译结果回收并进行分析。翻译测试的分析结果表明以句子为翻译单位能基本满足翻译需求。所有的翻译句子组合成段都能达到传情达意的目的。笔者同时指出翻译单位的外延因翻译所涉及的具体情况的不同而有所变化，具体研究引起这些变化的因素应当是翻译单位研究的重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The unit of translation (UT thereafter) is a significant and controversial issue in the study of translation theories and practice. Most translation theorists in China and abroad have been studying and illustrating this problem from various perspectives for many years. But there is no satisfactory answer to this question, and the issue remains controversial. The author of this paper holds that this confusing situation is mainly caused by the fact that most translation theorists confused the connotation with denotation of UT. As a matter of fact, the connotation and denotation of UT are different, though they may use the same term, UT to express it. While most translation theorists do not realize the existence of these two meanings at all and therefore not able to make a distinction between them, they have chosen one or the other as the default meaning in their discussion. What they focus on is simply one of the two meanings of this concept, particularly its denotative meaning. Obviously, the discussion of UT only on its connotative meaning is far from enough. These misunderstandings, therefore, cause the messy situation of the discussions of UT.In this paper, discrimination between the two meanings of this concept and an initial analysis and explanation for them are tried so as to make the two meanings as clear as possible. After analyzing the definitions offered by most translation theorists, the author attempts to define the connotative meaning of this concept first. The connotation of the unit of translation is the essential nature of the unit, namely, the question of whether UT is linguistic units or nonlinguistic units, such as units of thoughts etc. The analyses and explanations of this problem from diverse points prove that the unit of translation should be linguistic units. This inevitably leads to the second question that focuses on the confirmation of the denotative meaning of this concept, that is, what linguistic unit we should use so that it can serve translation practice and translation teaching better.The method we used to test this hypothesis is empirical. Several paragraphs fromthe texts of five genres are selected, and then were divided into separate sentences. The testees are required to translate these separate sentences independently without the knowledge of context. The final result reveals that determining sentence as UT can satisfy the basic requirements of translation. All the translations composed of singular sentences translated separately by different testees in comparison with the standard translations, can express the general ideas of the original texts. What’s more in particular, the denotation of the unit of translation is always changing in accordance with the concrete situations of every translation practice and the factors, which bring about these changes, should be the key of the UT research.更多还原