【作者】 董辉；

【导师】 陈伟民；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 光学工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 马桑溪长江大桥是一座大跨度双塔斜拉桥,是重庆环线高速公路的重点控制工程之一,因此,监测它的运营安全状况具有重要的现实意义。而主梁挠度和索塔变形监测通常是斜拉桥安全监测的重要组成部分,目前国内外现有的挠度/变形自动测量方法几乎都无法直接实现马桑溪长江大桥主梁挠度和索塔变形的远程实时监测,为此,开发出一套挠度/变形测量系统具有十分重要的实际意义。论文主要完成了以下研究工作:①阐述了桥梁安全监测的重要意义,分析了桥梁挠度/位移测量在安全监测中的重要性,在介绍了国内外桥梁挠度/位移监测研究现状的基础上,分析指出开展马桑溪长江大桥挠度/变形测量研究工作的必要性,提出了本课题的研究任务。②对国内外各种自动测量方法从原理、测量精度、优缺点等方面进行了详细介绍,分析了一些自动测量方法在马桑溪长江大桥挠度/变形测量中面临的不足之处,最后确定以成像法作为挠度/变形测量的总体技术方案。③对成像法测量原理进行了深入研究,提出了自标定成像法测量原理,接着进行了光学系统设计,实现了单点自标定成像法挠度测量,然后根据马桑溪长江大桥主梁挠度测点分布特点,完成并实现了多点同步动态测量,最后分析了影响动态测量实时性的相关因素,并提出了提高实时性测量的策略。④根据索塔的结构特点,分析了自标定成像法测量塔顶二维变形时面临的缺陷,提出了双激光成像法测量原理,在此基础上完成相关光学系统设计和测量标定,实现了索塔二维变形测量,最后对索塔变形测量系统和主梁挠度测量系统整合在一起,并对硬件和软件进行了总体设计。⑤分别对自标定成像法进行测量精度、测量分辨率、测量量程、动态测量实时性实验测试和验证,对双激光成像法进行了稳定性实验测试,并对实验测量结果做了分析讨论。通过对实验结果与理论计算值对比分析可知,本文所设计的自标定成像法基本上达到了主梁挠度所要求的测量精度、分辨率、量程和实时性;双激光法也基本上实现了索塔大量程的二维动态变形测量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Masangxi Yangtse River Bridge is a long span cable-stayed bridge with two towers, as one of two important projects of Chongqing circular high-speed highway. Therefore, it can be of realistic significance to monitor its safety status when it works. And deflection and deformation monitoring of the cable-stayed bridge is always of importance for bridge safety monitoring, but, at the present, there is almost no auto-measurement of deflection or deformation which can be directly used for displacements of the cable-stayed bridge, so it is very be of important practical significance to develop a set of deflection and deformation auto-measurement.The thesis refers to study work as follows,①To expound important significance of bridge safety monitoring, and analyze the importance of deflection and displacement measurement for bridge safety monitoring. With the introduction of all kinds of auto-measurement process at home and abroad, it is very necessary to carry out study on dynamic deformation measurement of the Masangxi Yangtse River Bridge.②To discuss in details all kinds of auto-measurement at home and abroad from such aspects as principle, accuracy, advantages and disadvantages. With discussion of their defects in measuring deflection and deformation of the Masangxi Yangtse River Bridge, the imaging measurement is chose as technology project as a whole.③On the basis of study on imaging measurement principle, the self-calibration imaging measurement is brought forward. In the following, to do the work of design for optical system, self-calibration imaging system of deflection measurement for single point comes true. Then in terms of distributing features of measurement points, the synchronous dynamic measurement for multi-point is accomplished. With the analysis of relevant factors influencing real-time measurement, the strategy to improve real-time measurement is put forward.④On the basis of features of tower structure, the defects of measuring deformation of tower with self-calibration imaging are carried out, then dual-laser imaging measurement principle is put forward. After designing its optical system, the measurement system for tower deformation is achieved. Finally, both deformation measurement and deflection measurement system are arranged into one measurement <WP=6>system, and system is designed as a whole from both hardware and software.⑤To do experiment of self-calibration imaging measurement to verify its resolution, accuracy, range and dynamic real-time. And to carry out the experiment of dual-laser imaging measurement to test its excursion. At last, the discussion of measurement result is carried out.By the contrast between measurement result and theoretical valve, it is true that both the self-calibration and the dual-laser imaging measurement system can come up to required accuracy, resolution, range and real-time.更多还原