【作者】 师芸；

【导师】 史经俭； 郭春喜；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 确定区域高精度大地水准面的目的,一方面是大地测量学科发展的需要,另一方面是解决施测高于1:1万比例尺地形图时,用GPS测量手段代替三角高程测量和低精度的水准测量,从而在用GPS确定平面位置的同时,也确定正常高程,以大幅度减少外业工作量和降低生产成本,加快成图周期,充分发挥GPS测量方便、省时、省力、精度高、成本低等优点。本文主要研究的是重力法(斯托克司方法,莫洛金斯基理论)和GPS水准相结合精化区域(似)大地水准面的方法(结合实例),即利用该地区的新,老重力点成果、30″30″分辨率数字高程模型;360阶次的国内外先进的重力场模型(EGM96,WDM94等)及分布较均匀的、现势性较好的GPS网及水准测量成果,充分借鉴我国新一代大地水准面计算的成功经验,采用重力法及移去—恢复技术、FFT计算方法 ,应用相应软件,提出不同的计算方案,比较不同的计算结果,选取最佳成果作为该地区的区域重力大地水准面,然后再和布测的GPS水准所构成的高程异常控制网拟合,进行纠正,完成该地区分辨率为2.5′2.5′(相当于5km3km),精度为的(似)大地水准面的的计算工作,并对GPS网点(似)大地水准面及正常高的确定进行了研究,从而可以通过编写应用软件,方便的将成果应用于测绘生产中。经检验证实,该项成果达到了设计要求,并且已经在测绘工作中发挥了巨大的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of determining high accuracy local geoid . one is to develop physical geodesy ,the other is to solve the problem that trigonometric leveling and low accuracy leveling can be superseded by GPS surveying in one to ten thousands (or above)basic scale map surveying .So the field work and the production cost will be reduced ,and the advantages of GPS surveying ,such as convenience ,better precision ,higher efficiency , lower cost and so on ,will be utilized in surveying and mapping .The article discusses to derive the high accuracy geoid in the method of gravity (stokes formula and, molodensky theory) and GPS leveling. By using surface gravity data, thirty seconds by thirty seconds resolution DEM, global gravity model (EGM96, WDM94), stokes formula and, molodensky theory, remove_restore , FFT technique and appropriate software,in comparison with a series of calculations ,the local gravity geoid is determined at first .Then the local geoid is combined with height anomaly control network obtained from GPS leveling .Finally the local geoid with plus or minus ten centimeter accuracy and 2.5minutes by 2.5 minutes resolution is derived. The software to calculate the normal height by GPS geodetic height will be in the surveying.The local geoid have been examined .The examination results demonstrate that the accuracy of the geoid is reliable .At the same time, a functional software is presented, and the local geoid has been successfully applied in surveying and mapping.更多还原