【作者】 李霞；

【导师】 赵新华；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 环境工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 针对我国目前供水行业现存的一系列急待解决的问题,从我国供水行业的日常运行和管理的现状出发,笔者认为建立科学、合理的“城市供水管网信息管理与调度系统”,将GIS信息管理系统与供水管网优化调度有机的结合起来,实现供水资料的科学管理、信息资源的二次开发,不仅有助于提高操作人员的工作效率而且能够提高在调度决策和判断上的准确性与可靠性,为各级管理人员提供调度决策上的有力支持。首先,笔者运用高端的面向对象、功能强大的交互式数据管理工具Visual FoxPro开发了输配水系统基础数据库,加强了基本信息数据库建设,并建立了GIS供水管网信息管理系统,从而大大提高了供水管网管理工作的效率和质量。除此之外,还可利用GIS分析、模拟与预测的强大功能,与专业理论、方法相结合,进行深度开发,为管网优化设计、各种运行状态下的优化调度以及事故抢修等提供决策支持。其次,对多水源供水管网的优化调度进行了系统的研究,首先运用时间序列三角函数分析法进行管网用水量短期负荷预测;接着运用管网构造法建立了管网性能宏观模型,并采用多元线性回归分析法求出宏观模型拟合系数;最后,在此基础上分别建立了管网优化调度显式数学模型(直接优化调度)和隐式数学模型(两级优化调度),重点介绍了调定混合供水系统优化运行模型,并用枚举法对两级优化调度模型求解。最后,在前面水源优化调度、水泵节能调度的基础上,进行自控阀的调度,以管网各节点剩余压力平方和最小为目标,以满足管网水力条件为约束,建立自控阀调度模型,并对这一大规模非线性问题采用一种新的启发式搜索算法-模拟退火算法求解,获得全局最优解。通过求解上述模型,得到管网中各自控阀的最优开启度,从而均衡管网压力,减少管网漏损及发生爆管的几率,有效维护管网的供水安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 Concerning the status of operation and management, especially a series of existing problem in water supply industry, it is necessary to develop a scientific and sound software--Water Distribution Network Information Management System. Which combines information management system based on Geographical Information System(GIS) with water supply network optimal control and realizes the scientific management of water supply system data and further development of information resources. With it, the accuracy and security of decision-making as well as the efficiency of operation are improved. Firstly, based on object-oriented, function powerful interactive data management tools--Visual FoxPro, water supply system base database is developed, which reinforces the construction of basic database; information management system based on GIS for water supply network is established, and improves greatly the efficiency and quality of water supply management. Besides, coupling the powerful function of analysis, simulation and forecast of GIS with professional knowledge, further development can be made to provide decision support for optimal design, optimal control of various operation status and emergency recovery. Secondly, the systematic investigation is given to optimal control of multi- source water supply network. At first the time series trigonometric function analysis is used in forecasting water short term demand; then the network behavior macroscopic model is established with network-structuring method and fitting coefficient of macroscopic model is solved by multiple linear regression analysis; last explicit mathematical model (immediate optimal control) and implicit mathematical model (two-stage optimal control) for water distribution network optimal control are established. The study put emphasis on introduction of optimal control model for water distribution system where speed-regulating pump is mixed with constant speed pump, and apply enumeration to solve two-stage optimal control model.Finally, on the basis of previous chapter, automatic control valve optimal control <WP=4>is systematically studied. Model is established with residual pressure quadratic sum as objective function and hydraulic principle as constraints, a heuristic search algorithm –simulated annealing algorithm is applied to solve above large-scale nonlinear function, and global optimum solution is acquired. By solving the model, optimum open degree is attained to balance the pressure of water supply network and abate the probability of leakage loss and pipe burst, availably maintaining water supply safety.更多还原