【作者】 王梅；

【导师】 陈士俊；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 高等学校学科建设是一项关系学校发展的综合性、全局性、长期性的基础建设,是高校改革的主攻方向。所以,有必要对学科建设中存在的若干问题进行探讨。本文在肯定我国高校学科建设已取得成绩的基础上,首先分析了我国高校在学科建设中值得深入思考且需加以认真解决的若干问题,并就学科与学科建设的概念界定、学科产生与发展的规律、学科布局和结构调整的优化等三个问题进行了重点论述。本文首先考察了对“学科”、“学科建设”的不同理解,区分了其所属范畴,在对其内涵与外延剖析的基础上,重新定义了这两个概念;并对易于混淆的几组相关概念进行了比较,总结出作为知识体系的学科和作为研究活动的学科所具有的特点。其次,对学科产生与发展的演化规律进行了探讨,分析了作为学科演化动力源的内部及外部因素,以及社会系统、科学系统和高等教育系统层面的动力机制,揭示了学科产生的结晶、上升、下降、重组、引进、综合等途径;总结了学科发展由潜到显、活性行走及不平衡的一般模式;简要阐述了学科成熟的若干标志。最后,借鉴国外著名高校学科结构的启发,概括出偏振型和均衡型两种学科结构模式,在分析我国高校学科结构现状的基础上,提出了当前我国高校学科结构要依据不同发展阶段和具体时、空条件协调发展的理念,并对如何协调发展提出了相应对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Discipline construction concerning synthetically, overall and long-term is the foundation for the higher schools and is also the main target they reform. So, it’s necessary for us to analyze the problems existing during the discipline construction.Based on affirming the achievement obtained, this article firstly analyzes some issues to be considered and must be solved, and then emphasizes the concept of the discipline and discipline construction, the evolvement rule of the discipline and the method to optimize the structure. This article first reviews the different understanding of the discipline and discipline construction, distinguishes the category they belonged to and redefines these two conceptions on the base of the anatomy for their connotation and extension. Then, compared with several group of promiscuous words, this paper concludes the characteristic for the discipline not only as a knowledge system but also as research activity. Second, this essay discusses the evolvement rule of the discipline, explores the inner and outer factors what is the resource impulse them move along and the motive mechanics from society system, science system and higher education system, and then points out the way for the discipline come into being, such as crystal, ascend, descend, recombine, introduce, integrate and so on. At the same time, this essay summarizes general pattern such as from hidden to apparent, active walk and imbalance when the discipline is in progressing. After that, it also expounds several signs of mature. Finally, using for reference of illuminations from foreign higher schools’ discipline structure, this paper sums up two patterns of that: polarization and equilibrium. Now, based on the analysis to actuality of the discipline structure in our country, we point out the notion that currently discipline structure should develop harmony according to various stages and conditions and then table some countermeasure for it.更多还原