【作者】 杨光；

【导师】 崔恒敏；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文选用一日龄艾维因肉鸡180只，随机分为3组，分别喂以对照日粮（Cu 11.97mg／kg）、中毒Ⅰ组日粮（Cu 650mg／kg）、中毒Ⅱ组日粮（Cu 850mg／kg）六周，以实验病理学和流式细胞术的方法系统地研究了铜中毒对雏鸡的组织器官、血液生化指标和免疫功能的影响。中毒组Ⅰ、和中毒组Ⅱ分别在试验的第二、三周先后表现出程度不同的临床症状。病理形态学观察中毒组Ⅰ、Ⅱ两组病变基本一致，中毒组Ⅱ雏鸡发病数量和死亡数量高于中毒组Ⅰ。两组中毒组病理变化表现为：腺胃腺小管细胞坏死；肌胃角质层增厚、龟裂；肠绒毛裸露断裂伴有坏死；肝细胞脂肪变性，严重者肝细胞坏死；肾小管上皮细胞变性，坏死脱落；淋巴免疫器官体积缩小、重量减轻、淋巴细胞减少。两组铜中毒雏鸡血液指标变化表现为红细胞大小不等、红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量显著降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01），血清AST和LDH活性显著升高（P＜0.05或P＜0.01），血浆铜蓝蛋白活性下降。两组铜中毒雏鸡免疫器官实质细胞的细胞周期观察结果显示淋巴细胞增殖指数显著下降（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。外周血T淋巴细胞ANAE⁺阳性率活性降低；红细胞C₃bRR花环率及ICR花环率降低。研究表明，雏鸡在生长发育的2—6周对高剂量铜较为敏感，毒性损坏的靶器官是肝脏、肾脏、胃肠道和淋巴免疫器官。淋巴细胞增殖受阻，外周血T淋巴细胞减少；细胞免疫和红细胞免疫直接受损、功能降低。因此，雏鸡在铜中毒时组织器官受损、功能障碍及免疫功能低下而最终导致发育不良，严重者死亡。更多还原

【Abstract】 180 one-day-old Avian chickens were divided into three group, and fed on diets as follow: 1 .controls(Cu 11.97 mg/kg), 2.group H(Cu 650mg/kg) and S.group III (Cu 850mg/kg) for studies on effects of copper on organs, blood biochemical findings and immune function in chickens with the methods of the pathology and Flow Cytometry(FCM). Signs appeared in group at 1 week I, and in group II at 2 weeks. Some affected chickens died during the experiment. Pathologically, there were some similar lesions in copper toxic group I and group II when compared with control group. There were some degeneration occurred in the affected chickens, which mainly were the fatty degeneration of liver. Lymphoid organs became small and light, and lymphocytes depleted. The glycogen of liver cells became lessened, endoplasmic reticulum enlarged and mitochondrion swelling. The number of apoptosis cells increased in lymphoid organs. Hematologically, illustrate the number of red blood cells and content of haemoglobin markedly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The serum AST and LDH activities markedly increased(P<0.05 or PO.01) and the serum CP activity markedly decreased(P<0.05 or PO.01). The number of lymphocyte subset CD4+ and CD8+ were decreased markedly. Erythocyte C3bRR and 1CR ratio markedly decrease. The aforementioned result domonstrated that chickens were susceptible to copper toxicity from 3 weeks of age to 5 weeks of age. The traget organs of copper toxic injury were liver, kindey, heart, gastrointestines and lymphoid organs. the proliferation of lymphocytes were impaired. The affected died due to the injure, disfunction of organs and reduced immune function.更多还原