两汉政府的少数民族赋役政策研究

【作者】 李冀；

【导师】 张进；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 专门史， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 公元前221年，秦王朝统一六国后仍续向周边拓展，统一多民族国家初步形成。汉承秦制对周边少数民族继续加强控制和管理，并在此基础上开征赋役。本文即试图对两汉政府对少数民族赋役政策的产生、发展、内容、特点、影响等问题进行一些初步探讨。 作者认为两汉政府对汉族与对少数民族，对边郡与对内地所采取的赋役制度是截然不同的。对少数民族赋役的征发是从无到有，再到与汉族百姓齐平。在这一过程中，贡纳、兵役、赋税始终是政府对少数民族征发赋役的主要形式。对把维护国家安全当成是与少数民族交往中头等大事的两汉政府来说，对少数民族不征或少征赋役只是权宜之策，并不能彻底解决安全问题。只有不断加强对少数民族的汉化，才能达到这样的目的。不断增加少数民族的赋役，直到最终“比汉人增其租赋”就是这样一个过程。但是在两汉时期也常常出现由于征发繁剧而导致少数民族的反抗，危害边疆安全的情况。并且在赋役日渐增加的王朝中后期表现得愈来愈强烈。但并不能因为这种反抗的出现而否定这一政策的合理性。其实大多数反抗主要是源于地方官吏大汉族主义的错误思想和擅权行为。更多还原

【Abstract】 221 B.C., Qin Dynasty towards unify after the six country expanding to perimeter continuously still , unify multi-nationality country form tentatively. After inherit the system of Qin dynasty, Han Dynasty continue to strengthen controlling and management minority in the border area , and levy the taxes and corvee on this basis. In this dissertation, the author try to discuss ethnic minority taxes and corvee production , development , content , characteristic , and influencing etc. of Han dynasty, preliminary.The author think hinterland taxes and corvee system is completely different between the Han nationality and ethnic minority .The confiscation of the taxes and corvee to the ethnic minority is from nothing to little ,then to reach with the Han nationality common people . In this course, tribute receive , military service and taxes is mainly form of taxes and corvee to solicit to ethnic minority all the time. To Han dynasty, maintain national security is the most important when they affiliate with ethnic minority . solicit or solicit ethnic minority taxes and corvee is only an expedient slip , can not solve the safe problem completely. To achieve such a purpose ,we must strengthen the chinesizing of the minority constantly. Such a road is one which increased taxes and corvee of minority constantly, until "the same as Hans ". But there are much resistance because of being confiscated too often in Han Dynasty, which endangered the security of the borderland. And in the middle and later periods of Han Dynasty which increasing day by day in the taxes and corvee, it behave more and more strongly. But we can’t deny the rationality of this policy because of appearance of this kind of resistance. In fact .mass of resistance came from the wrong thinking and behavior of the local government official’s great Han chauvinism.更多还原