个体道德认知发展的反思和重构——新科尔伯格理论研究

【作者】 姚莉；

【导师】 郭本禹；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 基础心理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 新科尔伯格理论是科尔伯格的学生莱斯特及其同事托马、贝比尔和纳佛兹基于25年来对确定问题测验实证资料的收集和回顾，针对他们对科尔伯格理论所遭受批评的回应，在吸收认知心理学新成果的基础上，于新旧世纪交替之际提出的。它主要有三部分内容：第一，莱斯特等人以确定问题测验为方法基础，着手对最初的确定问题测验版本(DIT1)进行修订，形成了新的确定问题测验版本(DIT2)；第二，他们在对大量的DIT反应进行因素分析的基础上，得出三个道德图式，即个人利益图式、保持规范图式和后习俗图式，由此将科尔伯格的阶段论改造为道德图式论；第三，莱斯特等人根据道德图式在人们头脑中的优势及其混合两种分类标准，将个体分为六种类型，建构了道德类型论。本文分析和探讨了该理论，认为新科尔伯格理论继承和发展了道德认知发展理论传统，虽然它还不成熟、不完善，但是它的提出为道德心理学的发展注入了新鲜血液，对道德教育也有重要的借鉴和启示意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the data gathered over the past 25 years on the research associated with the use of the Defining Issues Test (DIT) of moral judgment, absorbing the new ideas of cognitive psychology and in light of their responses to the criticisms of the Kohlberg’s theory, Kohlberg’s student-James Rest and his colleagues-Darcia Narvaez, Muriel Bebeau, Stephen Thoma put forward the neo-Kohlbergian theory at the turn of the century. This theory had three main parts. First, based on the DIT, they rectified the DIT1 and constructed the DIT2. Second, in accordance with the factor analysis on the responses to the DIT, they postulated three moral schemas (the personal interest schema, the maintaining norm schema and the postconventional schema) instead of stages with distinct justice operations. Third, in light of the double classification(the moral schema predominance and the moral schema mixture), they produced six moral types. This paper analyses this theory and shows that the neo-Kohlbergian theory inherits and develops the cognitive-developmental approach of moral psychology. Although the neo-Kohlbergian theory is not perfect, its development will stimulate work in the field of moral psychology and give an important reference and instruction for developing moral education.更多还原