【作者】 王习达；

【导师】 吴国荣；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 植物学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验以铜绿微囊藻（Microcystic aeruginosa）为研究材料，分两部分进行。第一部分主要研究了模拟太湖水域春、夏季温度条件下，不同浓度的苯酚对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响，实验结果表明：正常水体中铜绿微囊藻在夏季（30℃）比春秋季节（22℃）生长快。浓度低于200μg／ml的苯酚对它的生长有促进作用，而浓度高于400μg／ml的苯酚则明显抑制其生长，高浓度苯酚胁迫下的铜绿微囊藻细胞光合速率，可溶性蛋白含量下降；细胞膜透性增大；超氧阴离子（O₂^-）和丙二醛（MDA）相对含量升高；超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性降低，藻细胞自发荧光较对照减弱。表明铜绿微囊藻更适合于夏季高温条件下生长，且较高浓度苯酚对其有较强抑制作用，在铜绿微囊藻细胞生长势强时这种抑制作用更明显。 第二部分主要研究铜绿微囊藻酸性多糖的分离纯化、结构分析和生物学活性。铜绿微囊藻经过热水提取，减压浓缩，酒精沉淀，脱蛋白，乙醚、丙酮洗涤，真空干燥，得到铜绿微囊藻粗多糖，经DEAE-52纤维素柱分离纯化得到铜绿微囊藻酸性多糖纯品（MAAP）。通过理化分析及IR、UV、HPLC，¹³C—NMR等方法分析其性质和化学结构。并通过研究MAAP对体外超氧阴离子(O₂^?)和对体内移植性S-180腹水瘤细胞的作用，来研究MAAP的免疫功能和抑制肿瘤作用。结果显示：铜绿微囊藻酸性多糖为均一组分，重均分子量为2.0028×10⁵，糖苷键类型为α型吡喃糖，由D-鼠李糖，D-木糖，L-阿拉伯糖，D-半乳糖和半乳糖醛酸组成，摩尔比为1.514：1.457：1.0：0.189：0.583。生物学活性实验显示：浓度小于18μg／ml的MAAP样品对超氧阴离子的清除作用随MAAP浓度增加而增加，呈正相关（R²=0.9885）。在浓度为18μg／ml时清除率达到最高，为48.6％。浓度超过18μg／ml之后MAAP样品对超氧阴离子的清除作用随其浓度增加而下降。在通过接种S-180成功建立的小鼠肿硕士学位论文摘要瘤模型实验中发现，MAAP对S一180引起的小鼠体重减轻、胸腺、脾脏等免疫器官萎缩有明显的保护作用。高剂量治疗组（ZOOmg/Kg.d）、低剂量治疗组（80mg/K g.d）小鼠红细胞及心、肝、脑、肾等器官MDA下降，SOD升高，血液红细胞及肝脏的GSH含量升高，且各项指标高剂量治疗组与模型组均达到显著差异。表明在一定范围内，MAAP具有提高机体免疫力，抗氧化、抗衰老及抑制体内肿瘤的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment included two parts. In the first part, The effect ofPhenol on the growth of Microcystic aeruginosa were studied under different temperature. The result showed it grows faster under 30C than that of 22 C. Phenol whose concentration was lower than or equal to 200 ug/ml can accelerate its growth while inhibit it when the concentration was higher than 400 ug/ml. After been retreated with Phenol, the alga cell ’s photosynthetic O2 evolution rate and soluble protein content decreased, the membrane permeability , the relative content of O2-,MDA increased, the SOD activity decreased and the intensity of its spontaneous fluorescence under treatment was weaker. All these illustrated Microcystic aeruginosa was adapt to summer temperature, and phenol of high concentration could inhibit its growth obviously. The more faster the algaes grow, the more obvious the inhibit effection ..In the second part, Acidic polysaccharide was extracted by boiling water, isolated and purified by DEAE-52 gel column. IR, UV, HPLC and 13C-NMR were used for the structural analysis. The result showed that MAAP was a pure polysaccharide ,the molecular weigh was 2.0028x 105. It’s chain was composed of a-glycoside linkage. The component of it was identified as D-Rhamnose , D-Xylose, L-Arabinose , D-Galactose and Galacturonic acid ( the molar ratio : 1.514: 1.457: 1.0: 0.189: 0.583) .The experiment result of Biological activities showed that MAAP can eliminated O2- When its concentration lower than 18 jag/ml. A significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed inthe mice transplanted in the Sarcoma 180(S-180)when they wre treated with MAAP with respect to the control group, MAAP obviously improve the immune function of model mice .protect the thymus, spleen and the normal weight. With the dose of 200 mg/Kg. d , MAAP can improve the SOD activity, GSH content in heart, kidney, brian, liver blood from the treated mice. While their MDA content decrease. All these indicated that MAAP can inhibit the growth of tumor in the body in a certain range.更多还原