【作者】 平仙隐；

【导师】 赵剑曦；

【作者基本信息】 福州大学 ， 分析化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文针对福建连城膨润土矿在纳米塑料中的开发利用，介绍了膨润土的结构特点和基本特性，概述了纳米塑料插层制备方法、优异特性和制备纳米塑料对膨润土改性的要求。结合纳米塑料制备过程中对膨润土的要求，本论文着重系统探讨并总结膨润土钠化和有机化的改性机理、改性剂的选择规律及其改性效果。考察了各种钠化剂对钙基膨润土的钠化改性效果，系统研究了钠化提纯和改性的机理和方法，结果表明钠化改性效果以NaF，Na2C2O4和Na2CO3为好，这是由于这些阴离子可与交换出来的Ca2+离子形成难溶化合物，同时F(离子还具有在膨润土端面强烈吸附的能力。研究了系列烷基季铵盐对膨润土有机化的改性效果和层间距变化，比较了两种钠化剂（Na2CO3和NaF）改性的膨润土对有机化的影响及其结构。结果表明，以NaF改性的膨润土获得了更佳的有机化效果和更大的层间距。在所考察的系列长链季铵盐有机化结果中，1827和D1821改性的有机化率高，得到的层间距最大，因而更合适用于制备高聚物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 The design feature and basic characteristic of bentonite were described by way of the exploitation of Fujian Liancheng’s Ca-bentonite in the nanoplastic. The intercalation compounding techniques, superior characteristic and the requirement to bentonite in the preparation of the nanoplastic were reviewed. Combined with the requirement to bentonite in the preparation of the nanoplastic , the mechanism of sodium modification and organic modification, the choice regulation of the modifier and the effect of modification were discussed.Sodium modification to Ca-bentonite has been studied by various sodium salts, and the sodium modification’s method and mechanism were systemic studied. The result show that the characteristic parameters of the bentonite modified by NaF, Na2C2O4 and Na2CO3 are better than other three salts (NaCl, NaBr and NaNO3), which was attributed the anions of the first three sodium salts can former insoluble salt with Ca2+ and meanwhile F( ions have strong adsorption ability on the end-surface of the bentonite. Organic modification to bentonite by a series of alkyl quaternary ammonium salts has been examined through mass-lost and XRD measuring. The effect of organic modification using the Na-bentonite prepared by NaF is better than by Na2CO3. The organic bentonites modified by octadecyl dimethylbenzyl chloride (1827) and di-octadecyl dimethylammonium chloride（D1821）, respectively, display the most large in interlayer distance comparing with other organic compounds examined, thus they hold good for preparation of the high polymer-layer silicate nanocomposites.更多还原