【作者】 郭念；

【导师】 胡宗义；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 数量经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 经济增长和收入分配是经济学研究中最古老和最重要的命题，二十世纪九十年代，随着内生增长理论的提出，研究收入分配对经济增长的影响成为了内生增长理论中最为活跃的领域之一。我国改革开放以来，经济增长取得了巨大进展，但高增长也伴随着收入差别的扩大，分配不平等程度加剧，因此，在对我国经济增长探讨的同时，必须深刻认识收入分配对其作用的问题。 关于收入分配与经济增长关系问题的研究，国外学术界主要围绕着两个方面展开：一是研究经济增长或经济发展过程中收入分配的长期变动趋势；二是研究收入分配的变动对经济发展和经济增长的影响。国内研究则注重于经济发展过程中收入分配差距扩大及其原因，倒U理论在中国的适用性等。对于收入分配对经济增长的作用及作用机制则很少触及，定量分析就更为鲜见，本文在分析研究经济增长与收入分配相互关系的基础上，研究了收入分配对经济增长的内生作用机制，并进行实证分析。 本文分为四部分，第一部分对国内外有关收入分配与经济增长的理论和实证文献进行了全面分析并提出论文框架；第二部分建立了收入分配通过金融中介、人力资本和财政政策影响经济增长的内生作用机制模型，其中金融中介的出现和发展可以很好地解释收入分配差距的倒U现象，“不平等不利于经济增长”从人力资本投资和财政政策途径中得到支持；第三部分利用时间序列数据和各省的横截面数据分析我国的收入分配对经济增长的作用及其作用机制，时间序列数据的实证研究显示，我国金融中介发展与收入分配存在一定程度的倒U关系，人力资本投资和财政政策作为中间途径使得收入分配与经济增长呈负相关，利用1995年和1998年各省的横截面数据的实证研究结果也支持不平等不利于经济增长这一结论；第四部分提出相应的政策建议。 本文的创新工作在于：① 从一个新的视角研究影响经济增长的因素一收入分配，分析收入分配对经济增长的内生作用机制；② 利用金融中介的发展解释收入分配差距的倒U假设，评述了不同教育体制对收入分配影响的相关模型，在财政政策的作用机制模型中，引入税收决定的“中间人”投票机制，这一系列相关模型将收入分配对经济增长的作用内生化；③ 利用改革开放以来收入分配和经济增长的相关数据对其作用机制进行验证，深入研究收入分配对经济增长的影响途径；④ 利用各省的横截面数据的实证研究结果为“收入不平等不利于经济增长”这一结论提供了一个国别案例。更多还原

【Abstract】 Economic growth and income distribution are two important economic subjects. After the presence of the theory of endogenous growth, more and more economics put their eyes on the dynamics between inequality and growth. China has achieved great progress in economic growth during the past twenty years after Economic Reforms and the inequality increases at the same time. Therefore the studies on the relationship between distribution and growth of China are very important.Overseas studies about distribution and growth are extended in two aspects, one is the long-term fluctuation trend of inequality in economic growth, the other is the effect of income distribution on economic growth. Domestic economists pay attention to the fluctuation and course of inequality and applicability of Kuznets hypothesis in China. There are few studies about the effect of distribution on growth and the mechanism between them. This article is based on the survey of the relationship between the two subjects in modern Western economics. Discuss of mechanism between inequality and growth, analysis based on the data of Chinese economic growth are also included.Theory of inequality and growth, empirical studies and frame of the article are spelled out in section I . Section II presents models of endogenous growth. Mechanism between inequality and growth lie on three aspects, financial media, investment in human capital and distributive politics. The emergence and development of financial media give a good explanation for Kuznets hypothesis. "Inequality is harmful for growth", the conclusion is supported in human capital investment and distributive polices. Section III uses empirical data to test the models. We got empirical results that show inequality is negatively correlated with economic growth with human capital and distributive policies as medians. Cross sections in 1995 and 1998 indicate a significant and large negative relation between inequality and growth. Section IV put forward some politic suggestions.The innovations of this article lie in four aspects. Firstly, study the course of growth in a new angle, i.e. inequality, and analysis the endogenous dynamics of inequality on growth. Secondly, use the development of financial media to explain Kuznets hypothesis, comment on models under different education systems and median voting. Thirdly, use Chinese economic data from 1978 to 2000 to test the mechanism. Fourthly, present a country sample for "inequality is harmful for growth" with empirical study of Chinese cross section data.更多还原