【作者】 孙晋文；

【导师】 伍雅清；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要研究汉语与英语中的双宾语结构及其相关结构。与单及物动词结构相比，双宾语结构的独特之处就在于它的一个动词与两个名词短语相互作用；而正是这一点引出了我们研究中的三个主要问题：第一，双宾语结构是怎样生成的；第二，怎样解释两个宾语间的不对称性；第三，两个宾语的格及其Φ特征是怎样核查的。 双宾语结构同与格结构的关系一直是一个有争议的问题。我们认为双宾语结构是一个独立的结构，它同与格结构并不存在转换关系。同时，第二个和第三个问题历来都是双宾语结构研究争论的焦点，尤其在两个宾语的赋格方面存在很大分歧。 双宾语结构主要分为两类：取得类和寄予类，而间接宾语也有两种不同的解释，即提供者和接受者。为了解决上述提出的问题，我们在Chomsky的语段推导框架下重新分析了双宾语结构，并认为此结构是由两个事件组成的，如(1)所示，其一是转移物品的过程，由右面的vP实现；其二是第一个事件对他人所产生的影响，包含在左面的vP中。 (1)[TP Subj T [vP tsubj v [VPCAUSE IO[v’V[vP tsubj[v’V[VP V DO]]]]]]] 对于双宾语结构中的宾语语义角色，我们认为间接宾语在[Spec，VPCAUSE]合并时获得受害或受益角色，这意味着，间接宾语失去或获得直接宾语；而直接宾语则在与动词合并时获得受事角色。两个宾语的格及其Φ特征则在与两个轻动词的一致操作中得到核查。 根据上述分析，我们能够解释双宾语结构中两个宾语间的不对称关系以及量化词辖域特征。另外，在对英语和汉语的功能语类T和v进行了比较分析的基础之上，我们讨论了与格结构的推导及宾语前置现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis focuses on the double object construction (DOC) and the relevant constructions in Chinese and English. Compared with the common monotransitive construction, the DOC is special, in that one verb interacts with two objects. This raises three major questions in our study: (i) how the DOC is generated; (ii) how the asymmetries between the direct object (DO) and the indirect object (IO) in the DOC are captured; and (iii) how the phi-features and Case of the IO and the DO are checked.The relations between the DOC and the dative construction have always been controversial. We assume that the DOC is an independent construction and there are no transformational relations between the two constructions. Meanwhile, the other two questions are always the focus of syntactic studies on the DOC. Different proposals vary greatly in the process of assigning Case.The DOC can be classified into two types: Source DOC and Goal DOC, and the IO may have two distinct interpretations, namely, Provider and Recipient. In order to solve the questions above, following Chomsky’s Derivation by Phase, we reanalyze the DOC (as in (i), which involves two eventualities: one is the process of transferring something, which is realized by the right vP; and the other is how the first process affects the IO, which is encoded by the left vP.Regarding the theta role assignment, the IO gets a maleficiary role or a beneficiary role when the IO merges in [Spec, VPCAUSE], that is, the IO loses or gets the DO; while the DO gets a theme role from the verb it merges with., Phi-features and Case of the two objects are checked by two vs through the Agree operation.If our analysis is adopted, we can account for questions concerning the asymmetries between the IO and the DO and quantifier scope properties. Moreover, we have also discussed the derivation of the dative construction and the phenomenon of object-preposing, based on the comparative analyses of the functional categories T and v in Chinese and English.更多还原