苯噻草胺与水田植物DNA相互作用的研究

【作者】 向育君；

【导师】 张正奇；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 应用化学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在查阅大量文献的基础上，用紫外光谱法和伏安法研究了苯噻草胺与稗草DNA和水稻DNA的相互作用，提出了新的除草机理，苯噻草胺能在植物DNA分子表面堆积，抑制DNA的复制，从而杀除杂草。取得成果如下： 1．优化了提取稗草DNA的实验条件，得最佳条件为：水浴时间为60min，无水乙醇用量为0.6mL，细胞提取液用量为6.0mL，饱和NaAc用量为1.0mL，酚／氯仿／异戊醇用量为样液体积的0.6倍，氯仿／异戊醇用量为样液体积的1.0倍，异丙醇用量为样液体积的0.6倍。在此优化的条件下，DNA产率在430μg／g左右，A₂₆₀与A₂₈₀的比值在1.78-1.83之间，纯度高。 2．实验得到提取水稻DNA的最佳条件为：水浴时间为30min，无水乙醇用量为0.4mL，细胞提取液用量为4.0mL，饱和NaAc用量为1.0mL，酚／氯仿／异戊醇用量为样液体积的0.5倍，氯仿／异戊醇用量为样液体积的0.5倍，异丙醇用量为样液体积的0.8倍。在此优化的条件下，DNA产率在1.2 mg／g左右，A₂₆₀与A₂₈₀的比值在1.79-1.82之间，纯度好。 3．用紫外光谱法研究了苯噻草胺与稗草DNA和水稻DNA的相互作用，发现苯噻草胺用作稻田除草剂时，它能在杂草DNA分子表面堆积，抑制DNA的复制，使杂草细胞无法分裂而死亡。用苯噻草胺杀除稗草时，苯噻草胺的最适宜浓度范围为1.7×10^-5mol／L～5.1×10^-5mol／L，最适宜施药期为芽期至三叶期，最适宜温度为20℃～30℃。 4．采用伏安法研究了苯噻草胺与稗草DNA和水稻DNA的相互作用，浓度在5.1×10^-5mol／L以上时，苯噻草胺与稗草DNA形成具有电化学活性的复合物，在-1.62 V左右产生一伏安峰；浓度在6.8×10^-5mol／L以上时，苯噻草胺与水稻DNA也形成具有电化学活性的复合物，伏安峰电位在-1.62 V。由此，得到用苯噻草胺除草的最适合浓度为5.1×10^-5mol／L左右，最适施药期为出芽期至三叶期，最适施药温度为25℃左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 On the base of consulting a great a mount of references the interaction of 2- (2-benzothiazolyloxy) -N-methyl-N-phenyl-acetamide with paspalum DNA and oryza DNA was studied by UV spectrophotometry and voltammetry. A novel grass-removal mechanism, that the BTMPA can stack on the surface of plant DNA molecules to inhibit the replication of DNA and to eliminate the paspalum, was recommended.1. The conditions for extraction of paspalum DNA was optimized. The optimum conditions were as following: 6.0ml of cell extraction solution,0.6ml of absolute alcohol, 60 min of heat time at 65 C,1.0ml of saturation NaAc solution, the rate between the phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, chloroform/isoamyl alcohol and isopropanol and the test solution being 0.6,1.0 and 0.6, respectively.2. The optimum conditions for extraction of oryza DNA were as following: 4.0ml of cell extraction solution, 0.4ml of absolute alcohol, 30 min of heat time at 65癈, 1.0ml of saturation NaAc solution, the rate between the phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol, chloroform/isoamyl alcohol and isopropanol and the test solution being 0.5,0.5 and 0.8, respectively.3. The interaction of BTMPA with paspalum DNA and oryza DNA was studied by UV spectrophotometry. The optimum conditions for the elimination of paspalum were as following: the BTMPA concentration range from 1.7 X 10-5-5.1 X 10"5mol/L, the temperature of 20-30 C and the growing period for applying pesticide being from seed to 3-leaves.4. The interaction of BTMPA with paspalum DNA and oryza DNA was also studied by voltammetry. The BTMPA concentration larger than 5.1X 10-5mol/L the BTMPA formed a electrochemical active complex with paspalum DNA, the voltametric peak potential being -1.61V. The BTMPA concentration larger than 6.8 X 10-5mol/L the BTMPA formed a electrochemical active complex with oryza DNA also. So using BTMPA toeliminate the paspalum The optimum conditions were as following: the BTMPA concentration about 5.1 10~5mol/L, the temperature about 25癈 and the growing period being from seed to 3-leaves.更多还原