【作者】 梁蕴；

【导师】 刘燕；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们对环境质量要求的日益提高，园林植物的重要地位更加突出，对植物配植的要求也随之提高，对其进行深入研究成为必然。本文通过对深圳、上海、北京等地植物配植进行实地调查、测量和分析，结合心理学和行为学的相关理论，从数量关系的角度对植物配植进行研究，希望对种植设计有一定的指导作用。 研究结果如下： 1．为了对景观留下深刻的印象，同时不使人产生疲劳感，当采用绿篱的种植类型时，种植长度至少应该为30—50米，但不要超过400—500米。 2．片植时植物的种植密度总体保持在在40％和60％时，人们最容易接受。 3．利用植物进行图案设计时，以视角（β）为例，坡度角为α，适宜观赏的种植范围可用下式计算：设长度为L，宽度为D，单位为米。在仰视视觉中，L=1.5sin23°／sin（α+67°），D=1.5sin57°Cosα／sin（α+10°）sin（α+67°）在俯视视觉中，则L=1.5sin23°／sin（67°-α），D=1.5sin57°sina／sin（10°-α）sin（67°-α）。 4．游憩空间郁闭度的构筑，可以利用株距（L）和两植株高度之和（H₁+H₂）的关系进行确定。追求良好遮荫效果时，可以采用（H₁+H₂）／4＞L＞（H₁+H₂）／16的关系。 5．植物观赏特性随观赏视距的表现不同，本文研究了触空间、特近空间、近空间、远空间以及特远空间中所适宜采用的种植方式。 6．不同仰视角度带给人们的心理感受不同，道路的植物配植效果受路宽（D）和沿街建筑高（H）之比（D／H）的影响。对D／H≥4、1≤D／H≤3、和D／H＜1三种不同空间条件的植物种植方式进行了分析，认为1≤D／H≤2的空间条件，可以获得良好的植物景观。 7．道路边的植物种植，应考虑道路的曲率半径。曲率半径为100—150米时，可以采用列植或片植的形式；曲率半径在50—100米时，采取列植的形式，为了保持景观的连续性，在转弯处可以采用孤植或丛植方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 People’s desire of improving the quality of the environment is more and more strong, the landscape plants play the more important role in environment .So it is necessary to study the plant design further. On the base of investigation and analysis in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Shenzhen, and combining theories of psychology and behavioral science, the quantitative relations of plant design were researched. The conclusions were made as following.1. To impress but do not tire visitors, the proper planting length should be keep from 30-50 meter to 400-500meter.2. When mass plants are using together, the density should be between 40 % to 60 %.3. Using plants to form the patterns, the proper scale of planting area can be decided by following quantitative relations.For example,when people’s visual angel is 30,When the slope is less than zero degree (a>0 ), L presents length, D presents width, then L= 1. 5sin23 /sin(a+67 ), D= 1. 5sin57 cosa/sin(a+10 ) sin(a+67 ) When a<0 ,L= 1. 5sin23 /sin (67 -a) D= 1. 5sin57 sina/sin(10 -a) sin(67 -a) 4. The shady effect of plants can be affected by the relation of distance between plants(L ) and the summation of high (H1+H2).To make a shadowy woods ,the distance of plants should be follow the rule: (H1+H2) / 4>L> (H1+H2) / 16.5. The ornamental characteristic of plants change with different view distance. The proper planting ways are discussed in the various different distance.6. People will gain different feeling from different angle of elevation. In the plant design of the road , the landscape of plant is affected by road width(D) and the height of roadside architecture. Analyzing on the plant landscape of the D / H>4, 1<D / H<3, and D / H<1 , we think that the space of 1<D / H<2 could create well plant scene.7. The radius of curvature of road should be considered while making plant design of the road. When it is 100-150meter, plants can be arranged in line or mass; When it is 50-100meter, planting in line will be the better way; while individual or cluster should be pick up to keeping continue sense at the turn of the road.更多还原