【作者】 黄华国；

【导师】 张晓丽；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 森林经理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 元胞自动机模型(CA)能有效应用于高度并发、复杂动态系统的描述和模拟。论文中提出了一个整合了地形、气象因子、树种因子的三维元胞自动机模型。在该模型中，CA状态跃迁规则与坡度、风速、风向、湿度和树种紧密相关。该模型实现了经典Rothermel火灾模型的宏观扩展，应用该模型，可以实现不同条件下的林火蔓延模拟，预测林火发展趋势。 基于3D元胞自动机模型，论文采用Visual C++ 6结合OpenGL开发出了满足三维元胞自动机模型要求的林火蔓延模拟软件。软件可以实现读取DEM数据，设置起火点、风速、大气湿度，加载小班数据，可视化模拟林火蔓延趋势，统计过火面积、火线长度和蔓延速度等功能。 本篇论文选择八达岭地区作为模拟地点，采用1：1万的数字高程模型，结合当地的气象资料和小班资料，初步测试了林火模拟软件的功能和模拟效果。结果表明，应用该软件，可以从趋势上获得森林火灾的蔓延规律，能对森林防火、扑火等工作起到一定的指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 CA models have been shown to be applicable to some highly concurrent, complex dynamic systems for the purpose of their rigorous description and simulation. In this paper, a 3D cellular automata (CA) model that simulates rapid forest fire was integrated with forest map and topographic map. In the model, CA transition rules were modified in accordance with the slope, wind speed and direction, humidity and tree species. The model provided a means to simulate bushfires in different condition and predict the developing fire rapidly.Based on the modal, this paper has developed the corresponding software by Visual C++ 6 and OpenGL. The software can meet the need of the 3D-CA modal and simulate forest fire automatically. Its functions consists of reading DEM data, setting fire point, wind speed and direction and humidity, loading tree data, simulating fire spread with visibility, summing up the fired area and perimeter and calculating fire speed and so on.In this paper, the region, Ba Da Ling area in Beijing was chosen to be the test data. Combined with the local weather data and sub-compartment data, the 1:10000 DEM grid data were used to test the software’s functions and effects. The results showed that we can get the rule of forest fire spread if making use of the software, which is useful for asserting fire danger and putting out fire.更多还原