手持GPS接收机的实现

【作者】 刘琴；

【导师】 程明；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 GPS手持机是利用GPS基本原理设计而成的体积小巧、携带方便、可以独立使用的全天候实时定位导航设备。它广泛应用于野外勘测、登山探险、旅游、交通等诸多领域。 为适应定位及导航市场的需要，本文在介绍了GPS系统和GPS接收机定位原理的基础上，详细描述了一种利用GPS-OEM板作为原始信号接收模块的GPS手持机的开发实现过程及基于单片机系统的软件开发；根据GPS手持机低功耗的要求，论述了系统设计中的电源管理及低功耗设计的思路和实现方法；本文所设计的GPS接收机具有多种功能，除通常将定位信息以数字或图形方式显示在液晶屏幕上之外，还可以存储和重现多达15条预先存储的路线。 由于GPS定位数据中存在着影响定位精度的随机误差，文中对接收机的位置误差建立了线性卡尔曼滤波模型，并利用观测数据对GPS定位数据的白适应卡尔曼滤波算法进行了仿真，仿真结果表明滤波后定位精度得到了提高；鉴于DSP芯片的高速运算特别适合于数字信号的各种实时滤波处理以及用户对接收机性能要求的进一步提高，提出了基于DSP的手持机硬件设计方案，在现有的开发系统上完成了软件仿真开发与调试，为手持机的进一步优化设计作了有益的尝试。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the thesis, a detailed scheme has been discussed for designing portable GPS receivers, which, based on the principle of Global Positioning System (GPS), are widely used nowadays in traveling, navigations, land surveys and many other areas.A general principle of GPS and its applications are introduced first. Then, based on market investigations, the structures of portable GPS receivers are developed.The hand-held GPS receiver designed uses an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) board as the module to acquire original positioning signals. A microprocesser is used to process the data, and then, display the information in an LCD screen.The functions of the receiver are versatile. Except to show the positioning locations in digital or graphical modes, the device also has abilities to store and playback 15 routes previously recorded.Considering the portable device asks for low power consumptions which are often vital to contemporary portable electronic system designs, the paper depicts the power management and low power design of the GPS receiver.Because of random noises in the GPS data, which influence the positioning precision, a method of Kalman filtering has been used in processing the observation data and accomplishing the simulation. The results show that the precision of positioning is improved.Receivers base on a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) microprocessor are presented in order to fit requirements of high speed operation in real-time filtering and GIS (Geographic Information System) technique.The hardware structure of the DSP device is also schemed briefly.更多还原