【作者】 古赞歌；

【导师】 虞镇国；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 金融学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球经济一体化，各国金融行业同国际金融市场之间的关联度越来越高。如何在金融全球化的进程中，趋利避害，防范风险，提高本国银行业的竞争力，成为世界各国关注的焦点。而同时我国国有商业银行则陷入了内外交困的严峻境地，出现不良资产持续扩大，经营效益不断下滑，资本充足率下降的状况。国有银行的风险状况严重制约着经济的发展，威胁着国家的金融安全。 与西方市场经济条件下的商业银行相比，国有商业银行的金融风险具有特殊性和隐蔽性。制度决定效率，国有商业银行的风险表现为市场风险，但风险形成的根源在于制度，而制度包括制度安排和制度环境。 本文主要通过国有商业银行与股份制银行制度的比较，得出政府行政干预、企业的软预算约束、为国有企业服务和政府的隐性担保等制度问题是导致国有商业银行效率低下的主要原因。欲解决国有商业银行效率低下的问题，本文提出必须为国有商业银行创造一个充分竞争的外部制度环境，重新审视政府与国有商业银行的关系，即转变政府职能，使国有商业银行目标单一化，解除政府对国有银行的隐性担保，加强政府监管及加强政府在信用制度建设过程中得作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the globalization of economy, the financial industry and financial market among countries become more and more dependent on each other. In the process, how to prevent financial risks and enhance the competitive capability with the banks’ advantages of their own commercial banks becomes the world’s focus, meanwhile the state-owned commercial banks in China have been in a serious situation such as the lasting raise of the bad credit assets, the decline of the operation benefit and the capital adequacy ratio, etc. These factors seriously affect the economic development and threaten the financial safety in China.Compared with the commercial banks’ risks under the condition of the western market economy, the risks of the state-owned banks in China are special and hidden. System decide efficiency ,these risks look market risks, while they result from the systems, which involve the operation institutions and the macro systems that can affect the banks’ operation.By the contrast in the institutions of the state-owned and the shared commercial banks, this paper will include that these problems such .as the government administrative interference, the soft constraint of budget, the state-owned banks’ service function and the implicit government guarantees lead to the decline of the state-owned banks’ efficiency. To improve the state-owned banks’ efficiency, this paper suggests that the Perfectly Competitive Market should be established and the relation between the government and the state-owned commercial banks should be re-inspected. Therefore the function of government must be changed to make the state-owned commercial banks’ unique object, to release the implicit government guarantees, to strengthen the supervision and the government function in the process of establishing the credit institutions.更多还原