【作者】 杜迎刚；

【导师】 缪晓青；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 雄蜂10日龄幼虫不仅是一种很好的营养品更是一种很好的蜂疗、保健品。本试验主要是在先测定其含水量以便确定试验准确剂量的基础上对其安全食效性加以试验，进而对其抗疲劳抗应激、增强免疫力等方面按照保健食品功能学评价程序和检验方法加以试验论证，并通过小鼠试验找出其作用的最理想剂量。同时根据“君、臣、佐、使”的原理把雄蜂幼虫与中药秘方组配，发挥出雄蜂幼虫的最大蜂疗效能，再通过试验得出它们的最佳配比和起作用的最佳剂量。 安全食效性试验：急性毒性试验用Horn法设计剂量，通过24h内多次给样的办法，使最高剂量达到100g／kg。结果雄蜂幼虫组、中药组、雄蜂幼虫中药混合组均没发生死亡现象，但中药最高剂量组出现体重减轻现象，解剖没发现任何异常。通过骨髓微核试验和小鼠精子畸变试验评价试样的遗传毒性，结果表明雄蜂幼虫及雄蜂幼虫中药混合物是非常安全的，中药最高剂量20g／kg组有较明显的遗传毒性，但是相对阳性对照，这种毒性显得微乎其微。 采用测定试验小鼠游泳、爬杆、血乳酸、血清尿素氮、乳酸脱氢酶、肝糖原指标评价雄蜂幼虫对抗疲劳的影响，结果表明雄蜂幼虫具有十分理想的抗疲劳功能，很低剂量甚至在0.25g／kg时即表现出抗疲劳效果；其中以3.65g／kg抗疲劳效果为最佳。通过测高温和低温对试验小鼠存活时间的影响评价雄蜂幼虫对小鼠抗应激的影响得知雄蜂幼虫具有提高抗应激的作用，尤以3.8g／kg效果最好。通过试验小鼠的游泳指标求得雄蜂幼虫中药的最佳配比是中药占36.2％，它们的混合物(中药30％)在3.06g／kg时抗疲劳效果最理想。 采用测定免疫器官重量和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红血细胞试验(体内法)、耳肿胀法(DTH)试验及CRBC法测定血清溶血素含量试验评价雄蜂幼虫对非特异性免疫、细胞免疫及体液免疫的影响。结果表明雄蜂幼虫能显著提高试验小鼠的免疫功能，在剂量很低时就表现出效果，最理想的剂量是3.62g／kg。采用细胞免疫耳肿胀法(DTH)指标测定雄蜂幼虫中药的最佳配比是中药占混合物的29.7％，它们的混合物(中药30％)在3.08 g／kg时对小鼠免疫功能增强效果最理想。 雄蜂幼虫与中药的最佳配比试验表明所选中药能显著增强雄蜂幼虫对试验福建农林大学20()4届硕士论文蜜蜂雄蜂幼虫的功能活性研究小鼠抗疲劳和提高免疫力的效果。在所试验剂量中当中药所占比例在20%一50%时，对小鼠游泳时间与单独给予雄蜂幼虫比较有极显著差异。在二硝基氟苯 (DNFB)诱导小鼠迟发型超敏反应(DTH)的试验中，中药占20%一30%时与单独给予雄蜂幼虫比较有极显著差异。 相关分析表明抗疲劳中的游泳指标与其它指标间有很好的相关性;免疫试验中二硝基氟苯(DNFB)诱导的小鼠迟发型超敏反应(DTH)耳肿胀度指标与其它免疫指标间有很好的相关性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Drone larvae of ten days age are not only a kind of good nourishments but also a kind of good substance for bee therapy and health care. Firstly, I had test the accurate content of water in drone larvae in order to confirm the accurate dosage. Secondly, I took their safety as food into experiment. Thirdly, I did many experiments on their function of anti-fatigue and anti-hyperirritability and immunity enhancement. Through these experiments I had figured out the best dosage for these uses. I also found the combination drone larvae and Chinese herbal medicine can make their function repaired with each other. I experimented out the best ratio between them and the best dosage of the mixture inwhich contains 30 percent Chinese herbal medicine.Safety as food experiments: Acute toxin experiments, four dosage were selected: 10. Og/kg, 21. 5g/kg, 46. 4g/kg and lOOg/kg, giving them to mice within 24hours, 12hours of feeding prohibition of them before experiments. The reaction and the death information of the mice were observed. The result shows that drone larvae and Chinese herbal medicine and their mixture have no acute negative effect to mice. Inheritance toxin experiments, Chinese herbal medicine is not safe as drone larvae and their mixture. But it is toxin only when the dosage is as high as 20. Og/kg. All these demonstrate that drone larvae and Chinese herbal medicine and their mixture are safety enough as nourishments.The time of swim, the time of climbing pole, lactic acid of blood, blood serum urea nitrogen, lactic acid dehydrogenation enzyme, glycogen of liver are investigated to appraise anti-fatigue. Result shows drone larvae are good on anti-fatigue and low dosage such as 0. 25g/kg also hasthe effect on anti-fatigue. The best dosage is 3. 65g/kg. The death timewhen mice were placed in high or low temperature conditions were used to measure the effect of drone larvae on anti-hyperirritability. The best dosage is 3. 8g/kg. The time of swim was investigated to appraise anti-fatigue of the mixture that made of drone larvae and Chinese herbal medicine. Result shows when Chinese herbal medicine has 36. 2 percent in the mixture can make drone larvae have the best function on anti-fatigue. The best dosage is 3. 06g/kg.The weight of immunity apparatus, experiment of phagocytosis of macyophage , DTH and the value of blood serum hemolysin were investigated to appraise Nonspecific immunity, Cellular immunity and Humoral immunity. Result shows that drone larvae can markedly enhance immunity function in mice. They have effect even with low dosage and the best dosage is 3. 62g/kg. DTH was investigated to appraise Cellular immunity of drone larvae and Chinese herbal medicine’ s mixture. Result shows when Chinese herbal medicine has 29. 7 percent in the mixture can enhance their immunity function the best and the best dosage is 3. 08 g/kg.The experiments in finding the best ratio of drone larvae and Chinese herbal medicine show that the Chinese herbal medicine can badly enhance drone larvae’ s effect on anti-fatigue and immunity function in mice. The result is better than only using drone larvae when the mixture contains 20%-50% Chinese herbal medicine in the experiment of mice’ s swim. In the case of DTH the percentage of Chinese herbal medicine is 20%-30%.Correlation analysis shows there has a good relativity between the time of swim and the other anti-fatigue indexes. DTH and the other immunity indexes also have good relativities.更多还原