一类新型季鏻盐杀生剂的合成、性能与应用研究

【作者】 傅佳骏；

【导师】 严莲荷； 王瑛；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 物理化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验以1-氯代十四烷、1-氯代十二烷、1-氯代十六烷和三丁基膦为原料，通过双分子亲核取代反应(S_N2)制备出新型的季鳞盐类杀生剂：十四烷基三丁基氯化鳞、十二烷基三丁基氯化鳞和十六烷基三丁基氯化鳞。 本实验采用单因素和正交实验方法研究了十四烷基三丁基氯化鳞的得率与两种反应物的摩尔比、反应溶剂、反应温度、反应时间和反应物滴加速率之间的关系，找出了取得最大得率的优化反应条件。以相同的方法找出了合成十二烷基三丁基氯化鳞和十六烷基三丁基氯化鳞的最优化条件。 采用红外光谱、核磁共振和热重分析等方法对三种季鳞盐进行了结构探索和性质分析。 以阳离子型杀生剂季铵盐、双季铵盐和季铵内盐为对比，考察了季鏻盐类杀生剂对于异养菌、铁细菌和硫酸盐还原菌的杀菌性能和对碳钢的缓蚀性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tri-n-butyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride, Tri-n-butyl dodecyl phosphonium chloride and Tri-n-butyl hexadecyl phosphonium chloride were synthesized through Sn2 reaction, using 1-chlorotetradecane, 1-chlorododecane, 1-chlorododecane and Tri-n-butyl phosphine as reactants.In order to obtain maximal yield of Tri-n-butyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride, effect of the ratio of two reactants, reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction Solvent and adding rate were studied by single factor method and perpendicular experiment. The condition of obtaining maximal yield of Tri-n-butyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride was founded. The condition of obtaining maximal yield of Tri-n-butyl dodecyl phosphonium chloride and Tri-n-butyl hexadecyl phosphonium chloride was also founded through the same method.Anti-bacterial performances for heterotrophy, Fe-bacteria and SRB of the three quaternary phosphonium were studied, compared with quaternary ammonium, bis-(quaternary ammonium) and interior-(quaternary ammonium). The inhibiting corrosion performances were also studied.The structure of the three quaternary phosphonium were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and TGA.更多还原