【作者】 商丹红；

【导师】 王正萍；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 三卤甲烷是饮用水中加氯消毒的主要副产物，长期饮用含三卤甲烷的水会对人体的健康产生影响。能与氯反应生成三卤甲烷的水中的有机物称为三卤甲烷前体物，三卤甲烷生成势是指某一水质在一定的加氯量和反应时间下，能生成三卤甲烷的最大量，可用三卤甲烷生成势间接表示三卤甲烷前体物的多少。本文研究了其两个影响因素：投氯量和反应时间，并确立某一水质的三卤甲烷生成势。三卤甲烷在水中的生成量受到许多因素的影响。本文研究了产生三卤甲烷的影响因素：水中有机物浓度、反应时间、反应温度、氨氮浓度、溴离子浓度、pH值等，并探讨了氨氮与溴离子对三卤甲烷影响的机理。二氧化氯消毒技术是比较受关注的消毒方法，本文对二氧化氯消毒和加氯消毒在消毒副产物方面进行了比较。本研究测定三卤甲烷的检测方法采用固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法。固相微萃取技术是一种新的萃取技术，它集提取、分离、浓缩、进样于一体，大大提高了分析效率。本文研究了影响固相微萃取的主要因素：萃取膜、萃取时间、溶液离子强度等，分别对各实验条件进行了优化，从而建立起了快速、准确检测水中三卤甲烷的方法。该方法有较好的重复性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chlorine disinfection is carried out for the purpose of sterilization of microbes existing in drinking water. Chrination may cause the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) by the reaction of free chlorine with humic substances in water. In particular, the DBPs mainly include trihalomethanes (THMs), existing in tap water. This study was performed to discuss a number of factors which could be contributing to the formation of trihalomethanes , including the reaction time ^ temperature ,the concentration of bromic ion,etc. The disinfection by-products formation potential (DBPFP) of raw water was measured. As a new and efficacious disinfector; C1O2 disinfection method is a kind of new technology which people pay more attention to. The DBPs from ClO2 disinfection and Cl2 disinfection (In laboratory Cl2 is substituted by sodium hypochlorite to disinfect.) were compared, according to the experiments results, trihalomethanes were not observed in water disinfected by C1O2. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME), which is a new and free solvent extraction technology was applied to the determination of selected trihalomethanes. The operating conditions of SPME such as extraction time, ionic strength, and pH were optimized.更多还原