【作者】 梁红琴；

【导师】 邬平波；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 车轴是维系铁路车辆运行安全的重要部件。在铁路运输向重载和高速化发展的同时，暴露在疲劳可靠性方面的问题越来越多，要确保铁路车辆的行车安全，就必须对车轴的检测和使用期限提出更高的要求，因此如何对车轴这一典型疲劳件的疲劳寿命进行准确预测，成为国内外众多学者关注的热点。 载荷谱是进行车轴疲劳可靠性评价的关键，动力学仿真是获取作用在轮对上的载荷谱的有效途径，本论文以提速货车的RD车轴为研究对象，通过建立C₆₂和C_64K两种货车系统的非线性动力学模型，考虑我国典型的线路条件和装载工况，由动力学仿真计算来模拟货车的动态服役环境，获得各种工况下作用于货车轮对上载荷的时间历程曲线，并对仿真结果进行四维统计分组，以得到了进行轮对有限元分析所需要的载荷谱。 论文还采用ANSYS有限元分析软件，进行轮对的动应力计算。通过引入LZ50车轴材料非线性本构关系，对货车轮对进行有限元分析，得到车轴关键部位的应力时间历程，进行车轴危险截面概率疲劳应力谱分析计算，以得到车轴危险截面在典型工况的不同存活率和不同置信度下的概率疲劳应力谱，为进行提速条件下货车RD车轴疲劳寿命的预测及安全评价打下了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Axle is an important component for the safe running of rolling stock . With the development of heavy loading and raising speed of railway transportation, the fatigue reliability of the axle becomes a major problem in recent years in China. To ensure the safe running of rolling stock, it is essential to set a high goal for the detection and service life of the axle. So how to predict the fatigue life of the axle exactly has been paid much attention by scholars home and abroad.Load spectrum acted on the wheelset is obtained through dynamic simulation ,which is the key to the evaluation of fatigue reliability of the axle .In this paper, the type RD axle of the speed raised freight car is mainly studied. The nonlinear dynamic model of the type C62 and C64K freight car is set up and the influence of random irregularity of track is taken into consideration. The vehicle system dynamic responses are simulated in time domain ,through which the load time histories acted on the wheelset are acquired in different cases and the load spectrum are obtained by using the method of four-dimensional statistics.Using ANSYS finite element analysis software, the finite element model of the wheelset is set up . The stress spectrum of the axle whose material property is regarded as elastic-plastic cyclic nonlinear under different load cases are carried out using wheelset finite element model. Based on the axle stress spectrum of the serious sections , probabilistic fatigue stress spectrums with different reliability and confidence degree can be achieved ,which is fundamental for the prediction of the fatigue life and safe evaluation of the type RD axle.更多还原