【作者】 熊风；

【导师】 杨立中；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 环境工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 水环境容量是环境科学的一个基本理论问题，它反映污染物在水体环境中的迁移转化和积存规律，也反映在特定功能条件下水体环境对污染物的承受能力。在实践中，水环境容量是环境目标管理的基本依据，是区域环境规划的主要约束条件，也是水体污染物总量控制的关键技术支持。 水环境容量作为一种资源，既具有一般自然资源的特点，又具有自身的特点。本文详细归纳总结了水环境容量的基本理论以及河流水环境容量计算模型，分析了水环境容量的研究是可持续发展和总量控制需要的原因；接着从实践应用的角度出发，收集大量监测资料、踏勘资料和水文资料，对涪江绵阳市区段（涪江和安昌江支流）的河流水环境容量进行了初步研究，为绵阳市进行两江流域综合整治和水资源管理利用提供了科学依据，主要包括4个部分： 1、涪江绵阳市区段水质现状评价 本文应用水质综合污染指数法对涪江绵阳市区段1993～2002年的水质监测数据进行分析，对各监测断面之间的江段进行水质评价，评价结果表明涪江绵阳市区段河流呈现不同程度的有机污染，主要表现为高锰酸钾指数和生化需氧量超标，从而找出涪江主要污染物质为(COD_Mn)，进而根据地面水质标准GBZB1-1999可以得出，除了污染较严重的安昌江支流以及涪江干流李家渡江段以外，其它江段均达到国家地面水质Ⅲ类标准。 2、涪江绵阳市区段水域功能区划 根据绵阳市社会经济发展和生态环境保护对区划河段各类水质功能的要求，本文将涪江绵阳市区段一级区划为开发利用区，二级区划为6段2个最高水域功能区，其中涪江顺河前街渡口断面以上江段为饮用水源区，以下为渔业用水区，并兼顾其它较低功能。 3、涪江绵阳市区段水环境容量计算 本文通过利用段首控制计算模型，分别计算了涪江绵阳市区段各个频率下1993～2002的水环境容量，确定各江段的最大允许排污总量。1997年以来绵阳市政府进行两江流域的综合整治工作，河流水质得到改善，水环境容量随之增大，2002年各个江段的水环境容量均大于3000吨／年，基本达到一个水平值。 4、涪江绵阳市区段水环境容量的应用 水环境容量的价值是自然、社会、经济和科技等诸多变量的函数。本文根西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文第日页据有机废水二级处理，计算出涪江绵阳市区段水环境容量的价值，为合理利用涪江水环境容量资源提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water environment capacity is a basic theory of environmental science, which reflects the principles of pollutant migration and deposit in water environment and reflects the environment tolerance in the particular function. In practice, water environmental capacity is the basis of environmental objective management and a main constrained condition of district environmental planning as well as the key technique of the total water pollutant control.As a kind of resources, the water environment capacity has not only the characteristics of natural resources, but also its own characteristics. This paper has in detail reviewed the basic theories on water environment capacity and river water environment capacity calculation models, and has analyzed the reasons for keeping sustainable development and the total water pollutant control to research water environment capacity; with collecting a large quantity of environmental monitoring data, surveying data and hydrologic data, the paper has researched the river water environment capacity of Fujiang river in Mianyang downtown segment( Fujiang river and its subsidiary current Anchangjiang river ) and provided the scientific basis for the engineering manage synthetically for Liangjiang river valley and the water resources management. This research primarily includes four parts:1. Water quality evaluationThis text first put up the assessment of present water quality of the surface water in Mianyang City using the contaminative synthesize index number method and analyze the monitoring data from 1993 to 2002,the result indicates that the surface water had been contaminated in different degrees. The main contaminations are organic types, the main contaminative criterion are Chemical Oxygen Demand and Biochemical Oxygen Demand. They are both exceeded the standards of Environmental Quantity Standard for Surface Water(GBZB l-1999).The all segments are accord with the Third degree of surface water environment quantity standard except Anchanging river and Lijiadu segment of Fujiang river that had been severity contaminated.2. Water area functional compartmentalizationAccording to water function of different river segments that the social economic development and the environmental protection requests, the surface water in Mianyang City including Fujiang river and Anchangjiang river is decides into two main types and six segment functional districts: the drinking area and the fishing area that are compared by ShunHe segment and give attention to the other and lower function at the same time.3. Water environment capacity calculationThis text make sure the biggest admission for water environment for each river segment, and respectively compute the Water Environmental Capacity of each segment of Fujiang river from 1993 to 2002 by head control computing model. Since 1997, the water quality have been getting improvement, the water environment capacity immediately enlarge. Those fundamental attain a level numerical value and all over above 3000 tons/ years jn 2002.4. Application for water environment capacityValue of Water Environment Capacity is a deal’s function of nature, society, economy and technology. According to the two-section dispose of organism water, this text compute out the value of water environment capacity in Mianyang downtown segment of Fujiang river, and provide consult to make use of the water environment capacity in reason.更多还原