【作者】 闫磊；

【导师】 刘朝明；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 数量经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 21世纪的竞争是供应链之间的竞争，是基于时间和客户需求的竞争，这对供应链管理提出了更高的要求。而库存管理则是供应链管理中非常重要的环节，本文就是从库存周期和顾客需求角度出发对库存管理进行了探讨。 首先，论文回顾了供应链下的单级库存和多级库存控制方法，以及库存管理的发展现状和发展方向。其次，本文建立了一个三级供应链模型(其中一个供应商服务于多个客户)，并对模型中的基于库存周期的三种库存协调机制分别求出在供应链成本最小化时的最优解。最后就不同情况下，何种库存协调机制带来成本最小进行了讨论并得出结论。 在很多行业，需求变得越来越难以确定，需求的不确定带来的严重影响是库存的增加和客户服务水平的降低。本文讨论的多阶供应链系统在同一层次上的客户有着差别很大的需求，正是由于这种差别导致了需求模式的波动。论文从分析顾客需求出发，将其分解成两种不同的需求，并分别用不同的方法进行预测，减少了需求的不确定性。由此表明，找到和供应链结构相适应的库存管理方法就能极大的改善供应链整体运行情况。另外，论文也强调了大量、可靠的信息对提高库存管理的效率的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The competition in 21st century is the competition among supply chains that is on the base of time and consumer requirement, it is more challenging for supply chain management. The inventory management is the important part of supply chain management. This paper conducts some study and discussion in the aspect of demand and inventory cycle time.First, we study a great deal of literatures on single-echelon and multi-echelon inventory control. Secondly, this paper formulate a three-stage supply chain model where a firm can supply many customers. We deal with three inventory coordination mechanisms based on inventory cycle time and solve a cost minimization for each. Then we provide some insights into when each coordination mechanisms lead to cost optimization. At last, we get a conclusion.In many industries demand is becoming more and more uncertain. The most critical effect of demand uncertainty is the increase of inventories and decrease of customer service. This work describes a multi-echelon supply chain ,in which customers of different size lay at the same level of the supply chain. The difference in size generate variable and lumpy demand pattern. We analyze the demand and separate it into two different parts. Then, the paper provide two different methods to forecast each one which can decrease the uncertainty of demand. It shows that inventory management which is consistent with supply chain structure enable to enhance operative performances. Eventually, we highlights that the exploitation of a larger and reliable set of information dramatically improves performance.更多还原