【作者】 孟宁；

【导师】 任守信；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 环境科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 电化学方法测定水中有机污染物越来越多的受到人们的注意。本文应用微分脉冲伏安法在Britton-Robinson乙醇底液中测定了邻硝基苯胺。试验中对实验条件(缓冲液、pH值、乙醇用量、初始电压、扫速等)进行了优选，确定了最佳实验条件。此外，还利用线性扫描伏安法(LSV)、常规脉冲伏安法(NPV)、电毛细管曲线法(ECM)、循环伏安法(CV)等方法研究了体系物质在电极上的吸附性质。由于溶出伏安法可以提高测定灵敏度，所以本文还用微分脉冲溶出伏安法测定了2，4-二硝基-1-萘酚。对实验条件(底液、pH值、沉积电位、沉积时间、扫速等)进行了优选，确定最佳条件使2，4-二硝基-1-萘酚产生的二个峰完全分开且使峰电流最大。利用其中一峰测定，发现有峰电流与待测物浓度呈良好的线性关系。用于合成水样的测定，结果令人满意。可应用于实际环境水样测定。此外，还应用微分脉冲伏安法和化学计量学方法同时测定了水样中邻、间、对硝基苯胺。这种方法解决了实际环境水样中这几种物质同时存在时峰严重重叠而无法在不经前处理分离时用电化学方法直接测定各单组分的困难。实验结果较令人满意。更多还原

【Abstract】 Determination of organic pollutions in water by electrochemical method causes more and more people’s attention. In my paper, 2-nitroaniline was determined by differential pulse voltammetry in Britton-Robinson and ethanol medium. In this experiment, optimal experimental conditions such as buffer solution, pH, ethanol concentration , initial potential, scan rate were selected. Moreover, adsorptive property of compound on electrode was studied by some methods, such as linear sweep voltammetry , normal pulse voltammetry , electrocapillary measurement , cyclic voltammetry. 2,4-dinitro-l-naphothol was determined by differential pulse stripping voltammetry since stripping voltammetry can increase the sensitivity of determination. Optimal experimental conditions such as medium , pH, deposit potential, deposit time, scan rate were selected. In these conditions, two peaks were completely separated and at the same time the highest peak currents were obtained. One of them was selected as quantitative peak. There is a good linear relationship between the peak current and the compound concentration that is to be determined. Satisfactory results were obtained in determining synthetic water samples. This method can be applied to determine the environmental water sample. In addition, 2-nitroaniline , 3-nitroaniline and 4-nitroaniline in water sample were simultaneouslydetermined by differential pulse voltammetry and chemometrics. Pollutants which peaks were severely overlapped can not be separately determined by electrochemical method whithout pretreatment . This method solves the difficulty. The experimental result is satisfactory.更多还原