中国转型期公共危机管理对策研究

【作者】 王强；

【导师】 柴生秦；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 行政管理， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 公共危机是人类的一场灾难，它破坏了正常的社会秩序；威胁到公民生命和财产的安全；影响了政府或者组织的声誉。所以，我们要进行公共危机管理，最大限度降低人类悲剧的发生，在危机发生后能够控制事态的进一步蔓延，在事态失控后要争取重新控制住。公共危机管理是政府的基本职能，公共危机管理能力是衡量政府效能的重要标准，政府作为公共服务的提供者、公共政策的制定者、公共事务的管理者、公共权力的行使者，在危机管理中处于主导性地位。 目前，中国正处于“经济转轨，社会转型”的关键时期，也是公共危机事件的多发时期。所以，加强公共危机管理，提高政府危机管理能力具有十分重要的意义。本文认为应对危机是一个系统工程，并从法制、体制、机制、制度四个方面对中国转型期公共危机管理提出对策研究。认为建立公共危机管理体系，首先要完善公共应急法制，制定适合我国国情的《紧急状态法》，做到依法处置危机，实现公共危机管理法制化；其次要建立和完善以政府为主导的公共危机管理应对网络，实现公共危机管理多元化；再次要根据危机事件的生命周期，建立公共危机管理的预警、救治、恢复机制，预防危机、救治危机、恢复社会秩序；最后要建立公共危机信息披露制度，满足公民的知情权，克服公共危机带来的恐慌心理。 “一个民族在灾难中失去的必将在民族的进步中获得补偿”。我们要善于在危机中学习，不断加强和完善我们的公共危机管理体系，满足公民公共安全的需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Public crisis, a tragedy of human being, destroys normal social order, threatens the safety of citizens ’life and properties, and influences the reputation of government or organization. So we should carry out public crisis management to prevent human tragedy from happening, to control further spread of damage after crisis, or to attempt to re-control it after out-of-control. Public crisis management is the basic duty of government, and the ability of public crisis management is the standard to measure the efficiency of government. As the supplier for public service, the maker of public policy, the manager of public affairs and the administrator of public power, government plays a leading role in crisis management.At present, china is in the crucial period of "economic and societal transformation", when public crisis happens frequently. For this reason, reinforcing public crisis management, and improving the administrative ability of government to deal with crisis are very significant. Therefore, this thesis considers the coping with crisis as a systematic engineering, and puts forward the corresponding strategic studies countermeasure study to Chinese public crisis management in transformation period from four perspectives, the system of law, organism, mechanism, and institution. Besides, to establish the system of public crisis management, in the author’s opinion, there are several procedures: First of all, perfect the public system of law for emergency, and constitute "law of urgent state", so as to lay down the law foundation for our crisis-handling and public crisis management. Second, set up and perfect for public crisis management whose diversity can be accordingly realized. Third, establish the mechanisms of caution, save and recovery, which are related to the public crisis management according to the life cycle of crisis incidents, to prevent and save crisis and recover the social order. Last, establish the system of exposing information about public crisis management to satisfy the citizens’ right for knowing and overcome the panic psychology that public crisis brings about."A nation is bound to be compensated in its own progress at the expense of the loss in catastrophe". We should excel at studying in crisis, reinforce and perfect our system of public crisis management continually to meet the needs of citizen’s public safety更多还原