【作者】 高磊；

【导师】 赵文元； 王亦军；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 应用化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 天然植物指甲花化学成分复杂，具有较强的生理活性。指甲花作为一种染料，由于其天然无毒的性质，可作为天然染发剂的原料以及织物染料，此外它还具有药用价值和防腐作用，具有广阔的开发和利用前景。 通过对蒸馏水、乙醇、石油醚等溶剂提取指甲花色素的效果比较，确定了以水为最佳提取剂。对提取温度、时间、物料比等影响因素进行考察，确定最佳提取工艺条件为：提取温度60℃，提取时间1小时，物料比1：8，提取次数为3次。 对指甲花色素的理化性质进行研究。结果表明，该色素水溶性好，热稳定性优于一般的天然色素；光照对色素的稳定性有一定的影响，长时间保存时应避光保存；色素的吸收光谱随着pH的增大而红移；一些常见金属离子对指甲花色素的稳定性也有不同程度的影响，铁离子的影响最大；该色素耐氧化性较弱，具有一定的耐还原性。 通过正交试验对指甲花色素对真丝织物的染色工艺进行了考察，并讨论了关键的影响因素，同时对不同工艺下染色的真丝织物的各项牢度做了比较。结果表明：指甲花色素对真丝织物的染色易在酸性条件下进行，染液浓度对染色的影响最大，染液浓度越大，织物的颜色越深。无论是经直接染色还是经过铁盐和铝盐媒染的染色样品都有较好的耐摩擦牢度，皂洗牢度和酸性汗渍牢度也达到了3级以上，碱性汗渍牢度较差。 通过考察不同的影响因素对染色效果的影响，确定了指甲花色素对羊毛染色的最佳的染色条件为染液浓度为5％，染浴pH4，染色温度60℃，染色时间60分钟。牢度测试表明水洗牢度和酸性汗渍牢度达到3～4级，碱性汗渍牢度较差，仅为2级。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a kind of natural plants, Lawsonia Inermis has complex chemical composition and strong physiological activity. Due to its natural and harmless characters, it is used as a raw material of the natural harmless hair dyes and textile. The medical value of the Lawsonia inermis is very high. In addition, it has anti-corrosion effect. Its development and utilization have wide prospects.Comparison of the distilled water, ethanol, petroleum ether etc., the result indicated that distilled water was the optimum solvent for the extraction of Lawsonia inermis pigment. The effects of the temperature, time, material ratio were discussed, and the optimum extraction method was demonstrated as: at 60 C, material ratio was 1:8, extraction one hour, and extraction 3 times.The physical and chemical properties of the Lawsonia inermis pigment were studied. The results showed that the pigment is soluble in the water. The heat resistance was better than common natural pigments. The light had influence upon the stability of the pigment, so we should avoid light when the stored for long time. The bathochromic shift in the absorption spectrum of the pigment was found as the pH was raised. Some common metal ion had different effect on the pigment; the effect of iron was most obvious. To some degree, the pigment can endure reduction, but the ability of oxidation resistance was weak.Through orthogonal experiments, the dyeing of Lawsonia inermis pigment to silk was explored, and the key factors were discussed. The fastnesses dyed with different process were compared. The result proved that the acid condition facilitated dyeing. The concentration of dye was the most import influence factor. The concentration higher, the surface color of the fabric darker. The samples, nomatter were direct dyed or mordant dyed, had very good color fastness to friction. Color fastness to washing and to acid sweats steep were over 3 grade, but the color fastness to alkaline steep was poor.The best dyeing conditions were studied and gave as : the concentration of Lawsonia inermis pigment was 5%, pH of the dye bath was 4, the temperature of dyeing was 60C and the time of dyeing was 60 minutes. The fastness of dyed sample was tested, the result showed that Color fastness to washing and to acid sweats steep were 3-4 grade, but the color fastness to alkaline steep was poorer, only reached 2 grade.更多还原