【作者】 朱远；

【导师】 黄映辉；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 逆向物流(RL)是近年才提出的一种物流新概念，它是社会经济实现可持续发展的具体环节之一，也是企业应对环境及管制压力、降低成本、提高顾客满意度的现实选择，已成为物流及供应链管理理论的重要补充，具有很高的应用价值。 本文的研究重点置于逆向物流的效应分析和推进策略两个方面，意在构筑一个基本的理论框架，并为企业开展逆向物流活动提供理论解释和策略指导。本文首先从要素说和系统说两个角度阐述了逆向物流的内涵，综合不同学者的研究成果，界定了逆向物流的概念，并总结了1993年《逆向物流白皮书》发表以来逆向物流的主要管理方法和途径。 针对逆向物流活动进行效应分析是本文的主要创见。基于逆向物流活动对核心企业、供应链、消费者和社会公众的不同影响，分别提出利润效应、协同效应、价值效应和环境效应的概念。在利润效应的分析中，以逆向物流利润效应的影响因素为起点，结合产品生命周期的成本模型、企业开展逆向物流活动的价格和产量决策，认为逆向物流活动将会降低企业成本，并借助政策管制提高其效益，从而实现利润效应；协同效应的分析则是基于对制造商和分销商关系以及对不同渠道类型中制造商产品的最优价格和利润的综合考察，结合IT行业的实践，提出供应链成员行为整合模式，并进一步对供应链全员开展逆向物流活动展开获利分析；顾客满意理论是价值效应的分析起点，本文认为企业开展逆向物流活动的努力是企业与消费者博弈的结果，在导入价值网理论的基础上，结合消费者剩余理论描述了价值效应的存在；从社会规制的角度对企业间合作开展逆向物流活动的行为进行再思考，是环境效应分析的逻辑起点，并采用双层目标决策模型描述了环境效应的产生过程。 逆向物流的推进策略由政府和企业两个层面构成。政府层面的策略要点是：加强柔性管制、立法中引入延伸生产者责任原则、促进公众参与。企业层面的关键要素有：生态设计、制造商和分销商的委托—代理机制、技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reverse Logistics (RL) is a new logistics concept that has been proposed in recent years. It is the real practice of the sustainable development strategy, as well as enterprises’ choice of acting upon environment pressure and control pressure, of reducing the cost and of improving the custom satisfaction. It has become an important complementarity of the current management theory of logistics and supply chain, and has high value in practice.The focal points of this research are the effect analysis to RL and its applied strategy. The purpose is to construct a basic theory framework and offer the theory explaining and strategies for enterprises’ RL activities. First, this paper expatiates theconnotation of RL from two aspects-factor theory and system theory, synthesizingthe researching achievement of different scholars, giving the conception of RL, and summarized the main management procedure of RL since the issuing of the White Book of Reverse Logistics in 1993.The original idea of this paper lies in the effect analysis in accordance with RL activity.Based on the different influences that RL activity act on core enterprise, supply chain, consumers and the public, this paper puts forward profit effect, synergetic effect, value effect and environment effect. In analyses of profit effect, it started from the relevant elments of profit effect and combined with production period model, price and output strategies of RL activities. It is found that RL activities can reduce the cost and increase profit for enterprises through the policy controlling and then realized the profit effect. Based on the comprehensive review of the relationship between the manufacture and distribution and the competitive price and profit in different channels, in combination with the practice in IT industry, the analysis of synergetic effect brings forward the integrating model of supply chain members’ activity, and then carries out an analysis to all the supply chain members about how to get profits in RL activity. The analysis of value effect is based on the customer satisfaction theory. The effort enterprises make to carry out RL activity is the result of the game between enterprises and consumers is believed. Then, according to the value network theory and the consumer surplus theory,the existence of value effect is described.The analysis of environment effect begins with the rethought of enterprises’ cooperating to develop RL activity. The produce process of environment effect in RL with the double layer object decision-making model is analyzed.The promotion tactics of RL consists of two aspects of government and enterprise. To the government, the strategy points are strengthen the flexibility control and introduce the extending principle of producer’s responsibility in the legislature, and promote the public participating; In the enterprise aspect, the key points are the ecology design, agency mechanism and systematical support.更多还原