【作者】 崔邢涛；

【导师】 许皞；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 耕地占补平衡是实现耕地总量动态平衡的最有效措施。但在实际的工作当中，实施耕地总量动态平衡的工作一直停留在数量平衡层面上，尽快实现由数量平衡向数量—质量综合平衡管理的升级，已成为当前社会的迫切要求。本文从众多急需研究的内容中切其一隅，在进一步理解农地分等和耕地占补平衡含义的基础上，研究了分等成果与耕地占补平衡之间的嫁接理论和方法，为占补平衡耕地质量测算工作中充分合理的利用分等资料，推动耕地占补平衡有数量型向质量一数量型升级提供参考。 文章分析论述了耕地占补平衡与农用地分等定级与估价的内在逻辑关系。对耕地占补平衡的定义做了进一步刻划，使其更适合新时期的要求，从数量型、数量—质量型、数量—质量—生态型、数量—质量—生态—人文型四个层次阐述了耕地占补平衡管理逐渐升级的层级关系，指出了我国“耕地总量动态平衡”管理的重心正处在由“数量平衡”向“数量—质量平衡相结合”管理升级的时期。按照我国耕地占补平衡的新要求，以农用地分等中的自然质量评价模块和土地利用系数为桥梁，构建了以因素组合—单位标准粮法为核心的耕地占补平衡质量评价方法体系，围绕核心提出了以标准粮为基础的耕地占补平衡当量系数的计算方法和有针对性的因素指标选择原则、权重及分值测算方法。 本文以河北平原区有代表性的霸州市为例，开展了耕地占补平衡质量评价实证研究：针对该市的实际情况，建立了以有机质、表土质地、土壤盐渍化、灌溉保证率和土体构型为主导因素的指标集；认定了72个因素组合，分三个土地利用系数等值区，通过耕地自然质量分值与单位标准粮之间统计分析，证实了方法体系具有的可行性；用标准粮为依据将全市耕地划分出四个标准粮等别，并换算出四个等级之间的耕地占补平衡当量系数关系。得出了霸州市耕地标准粮等别评价结果：一等地，面积为16930.96公顷，占总面积的34.4％，主要分布在西部壤土区和中部粘土区；二等地，面积为15109.89公顷，占总面积的30.7％，主要分布在中部粘土区；三等地，面积为13288.83公顷，占总面积的27.0％，主要分布在东部沙土区；四等地，面积为3888.21公顷，占总面积的7.9％，主要分布在东部偏西沙土区。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cultivated land requisition-compensation balance is the most effective measure of true total dynamic balance of cultivated land. But in the actual work, the work of total dynamic balance of cultivated land has been staying on the aspect of quantity balance of cultivated land all the time. We should realize the upgrading of total dynamic balance management of cultivated land from quantity balance to quantity - quality balance of quality. It has already become the urgent request of the present society. The cultivated land quality was selected as the research object from many contents which in great need of studying. On the basis of further consideration definition of classification of land of agricultural land and cultivated land requisition-compensation balance, grafting theories and methods between classification of land of agricultural land and cultivated land requisition-compensation balance were studied for using data of classification of land of agricultural land in the cultivated land quality calculation and promoting the upgrading of total dynamic balance management of cultivated land from quantity balance to quantity -quality balance of quality.The article analyzed inherent logic relation between classification of land of agricultural land and cultivated land requisition-compensation balance. On the basis of further study of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance, it accounted for the step’s relation of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance from quantity balance type, quantity - quality balance type , quantity - quality - ecology balance type and quantity - quality - ecology - humane balance type and pointed out the core of total dynamic balance of cultivated land in our country is in the upgrading period from quantity balance to quantity - quality balance of quality. According to the new requirement of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance in our country, the article constructed the method system of quality evaluation that was the core of element association- standard grain of unit method and proposed calculation method of the equivalent coefficient of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance on the basis of the core of standard grain of unit. Moreover it put forward the principle of factor choose and the method of calculating weight and dividing value.The article took representative Bazhou county of plain district of Hebei Province as an example, launched the research of quality evaluation of cultivated landrequisition-compensation balance, and set up index collection which take organic content, soil texture , soil salinity , guaranteeing rate of irrigate and body type of soil as the leading factors against the actual conditions of this city. Asserted 72 element association, and divided into three land usage equivalence districts , then on the base of the statistical analysis between the natural quality composite index of cultivated land and standard grain of unit, it has verified the feasibility of the method system. Cultivated land was divided four classification of standard grain of unit depended on standard grain of unit in the evaluation area. Moreover, the equivalent coefficient of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance was conversed from which work out the result of classification evaluation of standard grain of unit for BaZhou county’s cultivated land: the first- classification cultivated land, 16930.96 hectares, occupied 34.4% of the whole area, distributed mainly in the western loam district and middle part clay area; the second-classification cultivated land, 15109.89 hectares, occupied 30.7% of the whole area, distributed mainly in the middle part clay area; the third-classification cultivated land, 13288.83 hectares, occupied 27.0% of the whole area, distributed mainly in the eastern sand and soil area; four classification cultivated land, 3888.21 hectares, occupied 7.9% of the whole area, distributed mainly in the sand and soil area of west of eastern area.更多还原