【作者】 陈志周；

【导师】 张子德； 马俊莲；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 农产品加工及贮藏工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文以国产大豆分离蛋白为基本成膜物质，对其成膜特性进行了系统的研究，通过单因素试验，研究了大豆分离蛋白浓度、成膜介质、膜液pH、干燥温度、增塑剂种类和用量、增强剂种类和用量、还原剂种类和用量、交联剂种类和用量对膜性能的影响，对影响膜性能的主要因子（大豆分离蛋白浓度、增塑剂、还原剂、交联剂）进行了正交试验，确立了最佳工艺参数。其主要研究内容及结果如下： 1、大豆分离蛋白浓度对膜性能的影响：大豆分离蛋白成膜浓度在3.0％～6.0％容易成膜，随着大豆分离蛋白浓度的增加，薄膜的厚度和抗拉强度增大；综合考虑各方面因素，确定大豆分离蛋白浓度为4.0％。 2、成膜介质对膜性能的影响：大豆分离蛋白在不锈钢板、塑料胶片和自制玻璃板三种介质上均可以成膜，自制玻璃板容易揭膜，为适宜成膜介质。 3、膜液pH对膜性能的影响：pH在6.0～10.9之间，大豆分离蛋白溶解性好，膜液均匀，综合考虑各方面因素，选定膜液的pH调至8.0～8.9。 4、干燥温度对膜性能的影响：综合考虑各方面因素，干燥温度控制在50～60℃，干燥时间17～18h。 5、增塑剂对膜性能的影响：甘油、山梨醇、乙二醇、1.2-丙二醇四种增塑剂以甘油为最佳的增塑剂；甘油含量在1.0％～3.0％之间，随着甘油含量的增加，膜抗拉强度降低，透气度增大，综合考虑各方面因素，甘油含量以1.5g／100 ml为宜。 6、还原剂对膜性能的影响：葡萄糖和Na₂SO₃两种还原剂相比，Na₂SO₃为适宜还原剂；Na₂SO₃的适宜浓度为0.05％。 7、增强剂对膜性能的影响：膜液中加入可溶性淀粉、明胶、琼脂三种增强剂，不能使膜性能提高。和对照相比，加入CMC-Na的膜，抗拉强度增大极显著，但膜颜色为黄色，膜为半透明状。 8、交联剂对膜性能的影响：膜液中加入等量TG酶（谷氨酰胺转胺酶）、单宁和多聚磷酸钠，三者相比，加入TG酶的膜性能最好，综合考虑各方面因素，TG酶为适宜交联剂。确定TG酶浓度为0.15％。 9、以大豆分离蛋白浓度、甘油、Na₂SO₂、TG酶（谷氨酰胺转胺酶）为试验因子进行正交试验，结果表明，制备大豆分离蛋白膜的最佳因子组合为：5.0％大豆分离蛋白、1.5％甘油、0.1％ Na₂SO₃、0.2％TG酶。 10、大豆分离蛋白最适成膜工艺：5.0％大豆分离蛋白溶液中加入1.5％甘油、0.1％Na₂SO₃，搅拌20min，60～70℃保持20 min，温度降至50℃时，加入0.2％TG酶，并保持10 min，调膜液pH至8.0～8.9，室温放置6～7h后过滤，在自制玻璃板上涂膜，涂膜量为9cm²／ml，50～60℃干燥17～18h，RH93％、30℃处理15min，然后揭膜。更多还原

【Abstract】 The film-forming characteristics of soy protein isolate (SPI) made in china were systematically studied. The soy protein isolate concentration, filming medium, pH, drying temperature and amount of plasticizers, intensifiers, reducing agents, cross-linking agents were studied through single-factor experiments. The optimal film-forming conditions were obtained through orthogonal experiment design. The main aspects and the results were represented as follows:1 Effects of different soy protein isolate concentration on properties of the film: The film was obtained when soy protein concentration was 3.0%~6.0%. The thickness and the tensile strength of the film correlated positively with their soy protein isolate concentration. The optimal film-forming soy protein isolate concentration was 4.0%.2 Effects of different filming medium on properties of the film: The films were obtained on armor plate, plastic film and glass. The glass is optimal filming medium.3 Effects of different pH on properties of the film: At pH 6.0-10.9, soy protein isolate had better solubility, At pH 8.0~8.9, the film formed had better properties.4 Effects of different drying temperature on properties of the film: The drying temperature was about 50~60#, the drying time was about 17~18h, the film formed had better properties.5 Effects of different plasticizers on properties of the film: Compared with sorbitol, ethylene glycol, 1.2-propanediol, glycerin was better on properties of the film. When glycerin was 1.0-3.0%. The tensile strength of the film correlated negatively with glycerin concentration, the air permeability of the film correlated positively with glycerin concentration. The optimal glycerin concentration was 1.5g /100 ml.6 Effects of different reducing agents on properties of the film: Compared with glucose, Na2SO3 was better on properties of the film. The optimal concentration ofwas 0.05%.7 Effects of different intensifiers on properties of the film: there was no significant better effect on properties of soy protein isolate films, if starch soluble, gelatin and agar were used; The CMC-Na increased the tensile strength significantly, but the color of the films was yellow, the film was semi-transparency.8 Effects of different cross-linking agents on properties of the film: Compared with tannic acid and sodium tripolyphosphate, TG was better on properties of the film. The optimal concentration of TG was 0.15%.9 The optimal film-forming conditions were obtained through orthogonal experiment design. Soy protein isolate was 5.0%, glycerin was 1.5%, Na2SO3was 0.1%, TG was 0.2%.10 The optimal soy protein isolate filming technology: Soy protein isolate 5.0%,glycerin 1.5%, Na2SO30.1%, TGO.2%, The film-forming solution was mixed round20min and heated at 60-70 # about 20min. When temperature of the film-forming solution was 50#, 0.2% TG was put into and heated at 50# about 10min. The film-forming solution was adjusted to pH 8.0~8.9 and kept at room temperature about 6~7h. The film-forming solution was filtrated, Filming on the glass about 9cm2/ml. The drying temperature was about 50-60#, the drying time was 17~18h. The film-formed was kept at RH93% and 30 # for 15min, then, The Film was obtained.更多还原