【作者】 王开峰；

【导师】 廖柏寒； 王凯荣；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究应用现代可持续发展理论和SAMRE（含资源与环境项目的社会会计矩阵）方法，并结合环境学、经济学与统计学原理，对湖南省20世纪90年代的经济、资源与环境的可持续性进行了定性描述和定量评估。主要研究结果如下： 人力资源、矿产资源、能源资源、土地资源、水资源、森林资源、生物资源和旅游资源等自然资源和社会资源是湖南省发展的重要资源。湖南省的环境污染依然很严重，“三废”的排放、酸雨、水土流失等引起的环境污染和生态破坏已经对湖南省发展产生了严重影响。 湖南省在20世纪90年代的发展存在着巨大的资源环境代价。在研究时期内，各年资源净产值损失幅度为3.74～25.44亿元之间，占各年GDP比重为0.11％～1.05％，平均占0.63％。资源损失的主要原因是耕地面积大幅度下降，表土资源流失以及煤矿资源损耗和草地退化，铁矿资源损耗和地表水资源短缺造成的损失只占很小的份额。各年环境净产值均为负值，每年损失幅度为26.03～80.07亿元，占各年GDP比重为1.86％～3.40％，平均占2.33％，这说明湖南省经济发展付出的环境代价大于资源代价，是资源代价的3.70倍。造成环境巨大损失的主要污染物是SO₂和烟尘、废水，其次是粉尘，再次是固体废物。 湖南省各年的真实储蓄（Sg）均为正值，真实储蓄率（真实储蓄占GDP的比重）为14.31％～21.26％，平均为16.95％。湖南省各年O＜Sg＜Sn（传统净储蓄），根据SAMRE方法所定义的可持续性标准，湖南省的经济发展呈弱可持续性发展。然而，应该看到资源净产值损失、环境净产值损失以及真实储蓄的损失占国民生产总值的比重总体上呈下降趋势，真实储蓄率则上升。这表明湖南省的发展正开始由比较单纯的经济增长转向社会、经济、资源、环境协调发展。 由于统计资料的限制以及理论方法还不完善，应用SAMRE方法评估省域经济、资源与环境可持续发展程度的准确性还有待进一步验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 The economical, resource and environmental sustainability of Hunan Province in 1990’s was studied qualitatively and quantitatively in this article using a new method, which applied modern sustainable development theory and SAMRE method, and cooperates with the principle of environmentology, economics and statistics. The main results were as follows:Many natural and social resources, which included human resource, mine resource, energy resource, land resource, water resource, forest resource, biotic resource and tour resource, were key ones during development of Hunan Province. The environmental pollution of Hunan was still heavy. Hunan’s development had been affected greatly by environmental pollution and ecology destruction caused by Three Wastes’, acid rain, water and soil resources loss, and so on.The development of Hunan Province in 1990’s was at the cost of significant resource and environmental loss. In this study period, the annual NRP loss was Y 3.74×108 to Y 25.44×108, accounting for 0.11% to 1.05% of annual GDP with the average of 0.63%. The main reasons for resource loss were cultivated land decreasing sharply, surface soil loss, coal mine consumption and grassland degeneration. The iron mine resource consumption and shortage of surface water resource caused loss lightly. The annual NEP loss was negative. It was Y 26.03×108 to Y 80.07×108, accounting for 1.86% to 3.40% with the average of 2.33%. It shown that environmental cost was greater than resource one for economical development, about 3.70 times greater. The main pollutants arising great environment loss were SO2,waste water, smoke and dust, and solid waste subsequently.Annual of genuine saving (Sg) of Hunan Province was positive, and the rate of Sg was 14.31% to 21.26% with the average of 16.95%. The annual Sg was more than zero and less than Sn in Hunan Province. According to the sustainable standarddefined by SAMRE method, the development trend of Hunan Province was weak sustainability. However, we should notice that, the trend of the loss of NRP, NEP and Sg was decreasing at large, and the rate of Sg was increasing. It suggested that the development of Hunan Province was transferring from simple economy increase to social, economical, resource and environmental development harmoniously.When it is applied to assess the economical, resource and environmental sustainability, the accuracy of SAMRE needs to be validated further because of the restraint of the statistical data and its theoretical and methodological faultiness.更多还原