中国贸易产业竞争力研究

【作者】 周颖；

【导师】 唐海燕；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 世界经济， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来，我国外贸规模迅速扩大，出口商品的结构不断优化，这在一定程度上反映了我国贸易产业竞争力提升的事实，但这并不能全面客观地说明我国贸易产业竞争力的现状。因此本文试图通过评价指标体系的建立、计算以及对其决定因素的分析来解决这一问题，具体框架如下： 第一章导论，主要回顾了国内外对于国际竞争力问题的研究状况，并简要说明了本文研究主题的选取、研究思路的确定、研究方法的采用等问题。 第二章有关产业国际竞争力的理论，介绍了在产业国际竞争力问题方面有代表性的理论研究成果，并对其做了简要的评价以及对本研究的价值。 第三章贸易产业竞争力及其决定因素。在明确贸易产业竞争力定义的基础上，建立起了一套利用进出口数据对贸易产业竞争力进行评价的指标体系，分为产业市场份额、产业盈利能力和产业比较优势这三个一级指标，并在其下设了若干个有代表性的二级指标。选择了技术、人力资源、市场需求规模、政府政策、外国直接投资这五大决定我国贸易产业竞争力的主要因素，从分析中去寻找导致产业国际竞争力的实际结果以及未来趋势的各种原因。 第四章中国贸易产业竞争力的实证分析，是在第三章所设立的指标体系中选取了国际市场占有率、出口增长优势指数、加工贸易增值率、贸易竞争指数和净出口显示性比较优势指数这五大指标，或从总量或按国际贸易标准分类对我国贸易产业竞争力的状况进行分析，综合各类指标评价的结果，试图给出我国贸易产业竞争力一个较为全面的评价，并对未来一段时期内的发展趋势作出预测。 第五章从定性描述和实证研究两方面进一步讨论外国直接投资对我国贸易产业竞争力的影响。定性分析主要讨论了外国直接投资的贸易创造效应、结构优化效应、技术进步效应、市场扩张效应和管理创新效应。实证研究则是使用了SPSS软件包计算了外国直接投资和我国贸易产业的贸易竞争指数之间的相关系数，并为初级产品和工业制成品的贸易竞争指数建立了一元线性回归方程。 最后一部分，即第六章提升我国贸易产业竞争力的对策建议，是在以上分析和讨论的基础上，提出了目前我国应实施以竞争优势为导向的贸易发展战略，这一战略具有不同于以往传统贸易发展战略的新特征。具体的对策建议包括：促进我国生产结构的高级化，提高出口产品质量和技术含量，实现加工贸易中间品的进口替代，强化外资政策的产业导向，培育国内竞争性的市场环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since reform and opening to the outside world, the scale of China’s foreign trade has expanded rapidly and the structure of export commodities has improved continually. To a certain extent, this reflects the fact that China’s trade industry competitiveness has enhanced. But this cannot overall and objectively show the present situation of our trade industry competitiveness. Therefore, this dissertation will try to solve the problem through establishing the evaluation index system, calculating, analyzing its determinants. The concrete framework is as the follows.The first chapter is an introduction. It mainly reviews the situation of the study on international competitiveness home and abroad and briefly illustrates the selection of the research subject, the determination of the research train of thought, the adoption of the method of research and so on.The second chapter is the theory of industry international competitiveness. It introduces some representative theoretical achievements in the study of industry international competitiveness. It also briefly appraises their achievements and their research values to this dissertation.The third chapter is trade industry competitiveness and its determinants. On the basis of making clear the definition of the trade industry competitiveness, it builds a set of index system which uses the import and export data to evaluate the trade industry competitiveness. The system divides into three first-lever indices, which are market share, profit-making ability and comparative advantage of the trade industry. Under these indices, it selects several representative second-level indices. Then, it chooses five main determinants of China’s trade industry competitiveness. They are technology, human resource, market demand scale, government policy and foreign direct investment. By analyzing, it tries to seek all kinds of reasons that lead to the actual results and trend of the trade industry competitiveness.The fourth chapter is the positive study on China’s trade industry competitiveness. From the index system, it selects five indices, which are international market ratio of occupy, export growth advantage index, processing traderate of increase, trade competitiveness index and net export revealed comparative advantage index. They analyze the situation of our trade industry competitiveness from total sum or from SITC. Then it collects the evaluation results of these indices and tries to give an overall evaluation of our trade industry competitiveness and predict the development trend in the coming period.The fifth chapter further discusses the affection of FDI on China’s trade industry competitiveness from the qualitative description and the evidence analysis. The qualitative description mainly discusses trade-creative effect, structure-progressive effect, technology-advance effect, market-expanding effect and management-innovative effect of FDI. The evidence analysis uses the software package of SPSS to calculate the correlation coefficients between FDI and the trade competitiveness indices of our trade industry. And it also sets up the linear regression equations with one unknown quantity for the trade competitiveness indices of primary products and manufactured products.The last chapter is the countermeasures and suggestions to enhance our trade industry competitiveness. On the basis of the above analysis and discussion, it proposes that our country should implement the trade development strategy, which is oriented by competitive advantage. This strategy has new features that are different from the traditional trade development strategies in the past. The concrete suggestions include promoting our production structure high-grade, improving the quality and technology content of export products, realizing the import substitution for the semi-finished goods of processing trade, strengthening the industry orientation of foreign capital policy and cultivating the competitive domestic market environment.更多还原