【作者】 徐玮；

【导师】 宁越敏；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 区域经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 人口流迁是一种复杂的人文现象，我国在改革开放后，也出现了大规模的人口流动浪潮，且逐年升高，90年代则形成波澜壮阔的流动大潮，随着流动人口规模的扩大，国内的社会学、人口学、经济学和地理学的学者对流动人口的研究也越来越广泛，越来越深入。但研究重点侧重于人口流动的社会经济影响，而对流动人口在城市(区域)空间组织方面的作用研究几乎处于空白状态。由于流动人口的规模日益扩大，流动人口的空间布局，对城市规划、人口调控、经济后续发展等诸多方面的影响逐年显现。因此加强流动人口空间结构研究势必成为人口研究的重要发展趋势之一。本文就对90年代上海市流动人口的自然特征、社会特征、动力机制和空间布局进行了全面的探讨。全文包括以下6个部分： 绪论部分为本文的介绍，主要阐述选题依据和意义以及研究思路、研究内容、研究方法、研究区域等。 第一章为人口流动及城市空间相关理论综述，介绍和归纳了国内外人口流迁理论和城市地理学、城市经济学、经济地理学对城市空间组织的理论研究探讨、理论模式的构建及其演变。 第二章是上海市流动人口的社会经济特征分析，从常规特征和非常规特征两个角度来全面剖析上海流动人口的总体特征，并着重关注产生非常规特征的原因及影响。其后分析了流动人口对上海市的社会经济发展带来的积极和消极影响，并采用数理统计建模方法算出流动人口对上海GDP的贡献率。 第三章分析了上海流动人口的动力机制，根据分析，作者认为我国独特二元经济结构所产生的“推-拉”力及全球化作用下的特殊区位力，共同作用形成了独具特色的人口流动机制。 本文第四至第五章，就流动人口对上海城市空间结构产生的影响进行了分层的研究。首先，采用GIS的科学手段，对1982年以来，上海市常住总人口、流动人口和户籍人口的数量变动和空间布局演化作了动态和静态分析，接着着重分析了上海流动人口的空间分布及其在总人口空间中的空间效应，并同霍尔城市演化模型进行比照，确认了流动人口对上海人口空间的双重作用，又对影响流动人口空间分布的社会经济因素进行城市层面和区域层面多层次的剖析。最后提出了上海市流动人口流迁模式。 第六章为结论和总结，针对发展新趋势，提出调控优化流动人口的一些想法。 文章对在上海业已出现高层次流动人口群，如国际境外移民、事业型流动人口，进行了探讨，并认为这将成为各特大型城市需要引起关注的重要人力资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 The population migration and floating is a kind of complicated human phenomenon. This phenomenon exerts wide effect on social life. In China, the wave of large-scale floating population appeared after Reform and Opening, moreover, the floating population increased year by year. In 1990’s, Chinese floating population surged forward with great momentum. Many socialists, demographers, economists and geographers paid more attention to population floating along with the growth of floating population. But those studies always emphasized the social and economical impact of population floating; the research of the role of floating population on urban (or regional) space structure has been in blank condition for a long time. While as the scale enlarging, the role of floating population’s spatial deployment on Urban Planning, Population Regulation, economic development become more important. So the study on the floating population space certainly will be one of the most important trends in academic fields. This paper makes a professional inquire on the spatial organization of floating population in Shanghai, which was made of 10 parts as follow:The introduction is the first part of this context, which mainly explains the foundation and signification of choosing the title and the thoughts, the content, the methods and the areas of the research.Chapter 1 summarizes the theories of population migration and urban spatial organization and etc. It introduces and concludes the classical theories of population migration at and off-home and the formation and evolution of theoretical and model study on the urban spatial organization from the subjects of urban geography, urban economics and economic geography and so on.Chapter 2 analyses the social and economic characters of total floating population in Shanghai from two respects of the regular and irregular character, in order to understand the total attributes of floating ones in Shanghai, in which the cause and effects of the irregular character are paid intensive attention. Then the positive and negative effects of the floating to the economic and social development of Shanghai are analyzed, and the contributive rate of the floating to Shanghai is computed by symbolic statistical modeling method.Chapter 3 gropes for the mechanism of the floating in Shanghai. Based on the analysis, the author believe that the common actions of the "Pull-Push" force, stemmed from the unique dualistic economic structure in China, and the special "Position" force, affected by Globalization, compose the characteristic floating mechanism of Shanghai.Chapter 4 to Chapters analyzes the spatial effect of the floating population on Shanghai. Firstly, adopting scientific GIS methods, the number changes and spatial evolvements of the total population, the floating and the Hukou population in Shanghai, are analyzed by dynamic and static methods, in which the spatial structure of the floating and its spatial effect on the space of the total population is investigated emphatically and compared with Peter Hall’s mode, and the conclusion that the floating has a dual-effect on Population Space in Shanghai. Then the social and economic elements that affect the deployment of the floating population are also analyzed from different aspects. At last, the floating mode of Shanghai is put up.Chapter 6: Conclusion and Discussion. Aiming the new situation, the advices on optimizing the spatial structure of Shanghai are advanced.The thesis also discusses the emerging high-level floating population in Shanghai, such as international immigrants and Career-chasing population, whom the author considers as significant human resource that should arouse the attention of any metropolis.更多还原