【作者】 王伟；

【导师】 赵军秀；

【作者基本信息】 首都师范大学 ， 世界史， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对一战初期英国外交政策的转变和《赛克斯-皮科协定》的形成和实施过程进行了研究和探讨。 全文共分三章： 第一章主要分析了《赛克斯-皮科协定》形成的背景。在一战初期，英国的中东政策经历了一个调整过程：在战前英国坚持亚洲土耳其的完整，其触动地区仅限于一些帝国的边缘地带，如塞浦路斯、埃及及波斯湾地区；一战爆发和土耳其参战后英国政府一度考虑改变土耳其的政治形式，以维持土耳其，这一点在《德邦森报告书》中体现的尤为突出；1915年秋中东战局恶化后，阿拉伯人在英国战略构想中地位上升，英国开始考虑以阿拉伯帝国代替奥斯曼帝国来维护英国在中东的利益，并同阿拉伯人进行了实质性的接触。 第二章主要论述了英国同阿拉伯人及法俄的谈判和协定的形成的过程。从谈判过程上看，其中心内容前后是有所差异的。就英阿谈判来讲，经历了由中立阿拉伯人到拉拢阿拉伯人的转变。就英法谈判来讲，其第一阶段的谈判中心是“拉拢阿拉伯人”，到赛克斯主持的第二阶段谈判时，谈判的中心才转到“战后长远利益的规划”上。从协定内容上看，《赛克斯-皮科协定》和《麦克马洪-侯赛因通信》二者在主旨上是一致的，并同《君士坦丁堡协定》是一体的，构成了英国战后中东安排的主体框架。 第三章介绍了协定的结局并简要分析了它的影响。协定签定后，中东形势又产生了新的变化，英法对条约进行了修订，这一方面确立了英国在中东的战略优势地位，另一方面还加深了阿拉伯同西方世界的分歧。 结束语部分系统总结了英国的整个决策过程，认为尽管这个时期英国的中东政策受到战场形势的影响，不时地做出一些被动的调整，但英国在被动调整的同时也在主动地进行着新体系的建构，总的来说，整个体系还是比较统一的，对英国来讲也是比较成功的，但是其大国外交的本质决定了它自身的局限性，这使它在成功的同时也为自己埋下了失败的种子。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis has made a systematic investigation on the evolvement of British foreign policy at the beginning of the World War I and the formation of the Sykes-Picot Agreement. It has three chapters:Chapter one analyses the background of the formation of the Sykes-Picot Agreement. At the beginning of the World War I, Britian adjusted his Middle East Policies: Before the World War I, Britain kept the integration of the Asian Ottoman Empire, and only defined his influencial area at the brim of the empire, such as Cyprus, Egypt and the Persia Gulf; When the war broke out and Turkey was entangled, Britain wanted to kept Turkey empire alive by way of regime changing, the De Bunsen Report was the embodiment of this ideas; In the autume of 1915, the war situation deteriorated, Britain wanted to replaced Turkey empire with Arab empire for the Arabs appeared more and more important, and came into material contact with them.Chapter two discusses the process of the negotiation. In the course of the negotiation, the focus of it was different, as far as the Anglo-Arab negotiation concerned, British aims changed from neutralising the Arabs to hooking them. With regard to the Anglo-French negotiation, at the first phase, it aimed to hook the Arabs, when Sykes participated in, ’planning for the future’ became the main point of the negotiation, while ’Arab question’ became the tools of the negotiation. The Sykes-Picot Agreement, the McMahon-Hussein Correspondence and the Constantinople Agreements were interdependent.Chapter three introduces the agreement’s final and its influence. After the agreement came into being, the situation of the Middle East changed much. So Britain amended the agreement with French, and established his predominance in the Middle East, but enlarged the divarication between the West World and the Arab at the same time.The tag summarizes British decision-making process, and draws the conclusion that British Middle East policies was influenced by the war situation and made some passive regulation, and constructed a new unified system. But it has the limitation as the imperialism policies, and put in the seeds of defeat.更多还原