跨国公司R&D国际化的研究

【作者】 胡国珠；

【导师】 熊小奇；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 国际贸易， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 二十世纪九十年代以来，随着经济全球化趋势的迅猛发展和国际竞争的日趋激烈，跨国公司R&D组织形式发生了重要变化。许多跨国公司以直接建立海外R&D分支机构、建立R&D战略联盟、并购东道国当地同行业竞争者等方式将部分R&D活动从母国转移到海外子公司或分公司。R&D国际化开始成为一种趋势。本文在参考国内外大量文献的基础上，分析了R&D国际化的特征和动机，对跨国公司海外R&D投资的行业分布和区位选择作了深入的研究和详尽的论述，并对跨国公司在华R&D投资的特征、动机、区域集中度进行了探讨。最后，针对跨国公司R&D国际化趋势，本文提出了国内企业的应对策略。 本论文共五章。第一章提出了R&D国际化的概念，并对R&D国际化的特征及表现形式作了简要描述。旨在让大家对跨国公司R&D国际化有一个初步了解。 第二章，分析了跨国公司R&D国际化的动机。本章首先引入国内外学者在此领域的相关研究，然后在前人分析的基础上，对R&D国际化动机进行分类。最后，本章还重点分析了跨国公司R&D国际化动机的影响因素，得出不同行业、不同部门R&D国际化动机不同，因而其考虑的因素不同，最终导致R&D海外投资的选址不同。 第三章，分析了跨国公司R&D国际化的行业差异性。本章首先从宏观上分析了跨国公司R&D国际化行业特征，然后具体分析比较了在美、日、中三国海外跨国公司R&D投资的行业布局特征及原因，并为我国能在更宽领域引进海外R&D投资提出了一些政策措施。 第四章，研究了跨国公司海外R&D的区位选择问题。本章首先介绍了跨国公司海外R&D宏观、微观区位特征，重点研究了形成这种区位特征的原因。 第五章，在对跨国公司来华R&D投资现状作一般描述后，主要对跨国公司来华R&D投资的区域集中度进行分析，并以北京市为例，提出了为优化区域环境，吸引更多的跨国公司来华投资所应采取的措施。最后，本章还提出了国内企业的应对策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1990’s, as economic globalization develops rapidly and international competition gets more and more drastically, Organization of multinational corporation’s(MNC’s) R&D has greatly changed. Many MNCs transfer part of R&D resource to their subsidiaries abroad by building R&D embranchment abroad, setting up R&D strategic alliances or merging the corporations of amphitryon in the same industry. R&D internationalization becomes a trend. In this paper, the author analyses the motivations and the characteristics of R&D internationalization ,dwells on industry ditribution and region choosing of foreign R&D investment of MNCs based on lots of references.This paper also discusses characteristics, motivations and region concentration of foreign MNC’s R&D investment in China.At last, the author proposes some countermeasures of Chinese enterprises to reply the trend of R&D internationalization.The paper includes five parts.Conception,main characters and concrete patterns of R&D internationalization are discussed for the purpose that let us have preliminary knowledge of R&D internationalization in the first part. In the second part, the motivations of internationalization of MNC’s R&D are analyzed based on foreign and domestic studies concerned. The author then categorizes the motivations of internationalization of MNC’s R&D into three sorts and chiefly discusses how the motivations of internationalization of MNC’s R&D influence industry distribution and region choosing of foreign R&D investment of MNCs. In the third part ,the author studies the industry otherness of internationalization of MNC’s R&D according to industry characteristics of foreign MNC’s R&D investment in US,Japan and in China,then analyzes reasons for such industry otherness. In the fourth part, the author studies region choosing of foreign R&D investment of MNCs .Firstly the author describes the macroscopical and microscopical region characteristics of foreign R&D investment of MNCs,then chiefly analyzes causes for that regioncharacteristics . In the last part, region concentration of foreign MNC’s R&D investment in China is studied.Taking Beijing for example,the author puts forword effective measures which can optimize region circumstance to attract more foreign MNC’s R&D investment in China . At last, The author proposes some countermeasures of Chinese enterprises to reply the trend of R&D internationalization .更多还原